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Although mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving intervention in the ICU, it has harmful side-effects, such as barotrauma and volutrauma. These harms can occur due to asynchronies. Asynchronies are defined as a mismatch between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-11 A. van Diepen , T. H. G. F. Bakkes , A. J. R. De Bie , S. Turco , R. A. Bouwman , P. H. Woerlee , M. Mischi

The present study introduces an innovative approach to the synthesis of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals by integrating diffusion models with reinforcement learning. This integration addresses key challenges associated with traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Yang An , Yuhao Tong , Weikai Wang , Steven W. Su

Electrocardiogram is a useful diagnostic signal that can detect cardiac abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart. Due to its rapid, non-invasive, and richly informative characteristics, ECG has many emerging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Hanhui Deng , Xinglin Li , Jie Luo , Di Wu

Fetal ultrasound (US) examinations require the acquisition of multiple planes, each providing unique diagnostic information to evaluate fetal development and screening for congenital anomalies. However, obtaining a comprehensive,…

Purpose: To explore best-practice approaches for generating synthetic chest X-ray images and augmenting medical imaging datasets to optimize the performance of deep learning models in downstream tasks like classification and segmentation.…

Conditional generation models for longitudinal sequences can produce new or modified trajectories given a conditioning input. However, they often lack control over when the condition should take effect (timing) and which variables it should…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Michelle M. Li , Kevin Li , Yasha Ektefaie , Ying Jin , Yepeng Huang , Shvat Messica , Tianxi Cai , Marinka Zitnik

Heart disease remains a significant threat to human health. As a non-invasive diagnostic tool, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most widely used methods for cardiac screening. However, the scarcity of high-quality ECG data, driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Yongfan Lai , Jiabo Chen , Deyun Zhang , Yue Wang , Shijia Geng , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is an important indicator of heart failure. Existing methods for LVEF estimation from video require large amounts of annotated data to achieve high performance, e.g. using 10,030 labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Weihang Dai , Xiaomeng Li , Xinpeng Ding , Kwang-Ting Cheng

Synthetic data generation is an appealing tool for augmenting and enriching datasets, playing a crucial role in advancing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Not only does synthetic data help build robust AI/ML datasets…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 José Pulido , Francesc Wilhelmi , Sergio Fortes , Alfonso Fernández-Durán , Lorenzo Galati Giordano , Raquel Barco

Recent progress in audio-language modeling, such as automated audio captioning, has benefited from training on synthetic data generated with the aid of large-language models. However, such approaches for environmental sound captioning have…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Mithun Manivannan , Vignesh Nethrapalli , Mark Cartwright

Collecting and annotating medical images is a time-consuming and resource-intensive task. However, generating synthetic data through models such as Diffusion offers a cost-effective alternative. This paper introduces a new method for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ruochen Pi , Lianlei Shan

Ultrasound echocardiography is essential for the non-invasive, real-time assessment of cardiac function, but the scarcity of labelled data, driven by privacy restrictions and the complexity of expert annotation, remains a major obstacle for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Zhe Li , Hadrien Reynaud , Johanna P Müller , Bernhard Kainz

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a key indicator of cardiac function and plays a central role in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease. Echocardiography, as a readily accessible and non-invasive imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Shravan Saranyan , Pramit Saha

In recent years, event cameras have gained significant attention due to their bio-inspired properties, such as high temporal resolution and high dynamic range. However, obtaining large-scale labeled ground-truth data for event-based vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yixuan Hu , Yuxuan Xue , Simon Klenk , Daniel Cremers , Gerard Pons-Moll

This paper proposes a unified model to conduct emotion transfer, control and prediction for sequence-to-sequence based fine-grained emotional speech synthesis. Conventional emotional speech synthesis often needs manual labels or reference…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Yi Lei , Shan Yang , Lei Xie

Electronic health records (EHRs) have become the foundation of machine learning applications in healthcare, while the utility of real patient records is often limited by privacy and security concerns. Synthetic EHR generation provides an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Hongda Sun , Hongzhan Lin , Rui Yan

Echocardiography is the most widely used imaging to monitor cardiac functions, serving as the first line in early detection of myocardial ischemia and infarction. However, echocardiography often suffers from several artifacts including…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Ilke Adalioglu , Serkan Kiranyaz , Mete Ahishali , Aysen Degerli , Tahir Hamid , Rahmat Ghaffar , Ridha Hamila , Moncef Gabbouj

Mechanistic cardiac electrophysiology models allow for personalized simulations of the electrical activity in the heart and the ensuing electrocardiogram (ECG) on the body surface. As such, synthetic signals possess known ground truth…

To facilitate diagnosis on cardiac ultrasound (US), clinical practice has established several standard views of the heart, which serve as reference points for diagnostic measurements and define viewports from which images are acquired.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-04 Sarina Thomas , Cristiana Tiago , Børge Solli Andreassen , Svein Arne Aase , Jurica Šprem , Erik Steen , Anne Solberg , Guy Ben-Yosef

Recent advances in foundation models have enabled audio-generative models that produce high-fidelity sounds associated with music, events, and human actions. Despite the success achieved in modern audio-generative models, the conventional…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Tiantian Feng , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Shrikanth Narayanan