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The issue addressed in this paper is that of testing for common breaks across or within equations of a multivariate system. Our framework is very general and allows integrated regressors and trends as well as stationary regressors. The null…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-12 Tatsushi Oka , Pierre Perron

Matrix completion has attracted attention in many fields, including statistics, applied mathematics, and electrical engineering. Most of the works focus on the independent sampling models under which the observed entries are sampled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-12 Doudou Zhou , Tianxi Cai , Junwei Lu

This work proposes a novel rank-based scale two-sample testing method for univariate, distinct data when a subset of the data may be missing. Our approach is based on mathematically tight bounds of the Ansari-Bradley test statistic in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Yijin Zeng , Niall M. Adams , Dean A. Bodenham

A two-sample hypothesis test is a statistical procedure used to determine whether the distributions generating two samples are identical. We consider the two-sample testing problem in a new scenario where the sample measurements (or sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Weizhi Li , Prad Kadambi , Pouria Saidi , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Gautam Dasarathy , Visar Berisha

A family of maximum mean discrepancy (MMD) kernel two-sample tests is introduced. Members of the test family are called Block-tests or B-tests, since the test statistic is an average over MMDs computed on subsets of the samples. The choice…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-11 Wojciech Zaremba , Arthur Gretton , Matthew Blaschko

The two-sample test is a fundamental problem in statistics with a wide range of applications. In the realm of high-dimensional data, nonparametric methods have gained prominence due to their flexibility and minimal distributional…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-24 Zexi Cai , Wenbo Fei , Doudou Zhou

Testing equality of two multivariate distributions is a classical problem for which many non-parametric tests have been proposed over the years. Most of the popular two-sample tests, which are asymptotically distribution-free, are based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-17 Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

A number of applications require two-sample testing on ranked preference data. For instance, in crowdsourcing, there is a long-standing question of whether pairwise comparison data provided by people is distributed similar to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-20 Charvi Rastogi , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Nihar B. Shah , Aarti Singh

The issue of missing values is an arising difficulty when dealing with paired data. Several test procedures are developed in the literature to tackle this problem. Some of them are even robust under deviations and control type-I error quite…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-12 Lubna Amro , Markus Pauly , Burim Ramosaj

Two major ideas in the analysis of missing data are (a) the EM algorithm [Dempster, Laird and Rubin, J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 39 (1977) 1--38] for maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, and (b) the formulation of models for the joint…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-14 Yan Zhou , Roderick J. A. Little , John D. Kalbfleisch

Rejecting the null hypothesis in two-sample testing is a fundamental tool for scientific discovery. Yet, aside from concluding that two samples do not come from the same probability distribution, it is often of interest to characterize how…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-08 Boris Landa , Rihao Qu , Joseph Chang , Yuval Kluger

The stochastic block model (SBM) has been widely used to analyze network data. Various goodness-of-fit tests have been proposed to assess the adequacy of model structures. To the best of our knowledge, however, none of the existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-23 Yujia Wu , Wei Lan , Long Feng , Chih-Ling Tsai

We study the problem of conditional two-sample testing, which aims to determine whether two populations have the same distribution after accounting for confounding factors. This problem commonly arises in various applications, such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-05 Seongchan Lee , Suman Cha , Ilmun Kim

We propose a flexible and identifiable version of the two-groups model, motivated by hierarchical Bayes considerations, that features an empirical null and a semiparametric mixture model for the non-null cases. We use a computationally…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-06-26 Ryan Martin , Surya T. Tokdar

Models for analyzing multivariate data sets with missing values require strong, often unassessable, assumptions. The most common of these is that the mechanism that created the missing data is ignorable - a twofold assumption dependent on…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-17 Iavor Bojinov , Natesh Pillai , Donald Rubin

Multi-modal learning has made significant advances across diverse pattern recognition applications. However, handling missing modalities, especially under imbalanced missing rates, remains a major challenge. This imbalance triggers a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Binyu Zhao , Wei Zhang , Zhaonian Zou

A common task in high-throughput biology is to test for differences in means between two samples across thousands of features (e.g., genes or proteins), often with only a handful of replicates per sample. Moderated t-tests handle this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-02 Wanyi Ling , Wufang Hong , Nikolaos Ignatiadis

Testing the homogeneity of two distributions is fundamental in statistics, but classical procedures may fail under nonignorable nonresponse. In many surveys, callback data record repeated contact attempts and provide auxiliary information…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Xinyu Wang , Tao Yu , Chunlin Wang , Pengfei Li

Nonparametric two-sample testing is a classical problem in inferential statistics. While modern two-sample tests, such as the edge count test and its variants, can handle multivariate and non-Euclidean data, contemporary gargantuan datasets…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-28 Trambak Banerjee , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya , Gourab Mukherjee

In this paper, we focus on testing multivariate normality using the BHEP test with data that are missing completely at random. Our objective is twofold: first, to gain insight into the asymptotic behavior of BHEP test statistics under two…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-11 Danijel Aleksić , Bojana Milošević