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Code Language Models (CLMs) have achieved tremendous progress in source code understanding and generation, leading to a significant increase in research interests focused on applying CLMs to real-world software engineering tasks in recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Yulong Yang , Haoran Fan , Chenhao Lin , Qian Li , Zhengyu Zhao , Chao Shen , Xiaohong Guan

Traditional cybersecurity methodologies target deterministic systems and fail to address the probabilistic nature of AI, leaving systems vulnerable to attack vectors such as model inversion, data poisoning, and prompt injection. Recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tsafac Nkombong Regine Cyrille , Franziska Schwarz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into critical decision-making pipelines, a trend that raises the demand for robust and automated data analysis. Current approaches to dataset risk analysis are limited to manual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Panteleimon Rodis

The uses of Machine Learning (ML) in detection of network attacks have been effective when designed and evaluated in a single organisation. However, it has been very challenging to design an ML-based detection system by utilising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Mohanad Sarhan , Siamak Layeghy , Nour Moustafa , Marius Portmann

Inference attacks against Machine Learning (ML) models allow adversaries to learn sensitive information about training data, model parameters, etc. While researchers have studied, in depth, several kinds of attacks, they have done so in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yugeng Liu , Rui Wen , Xinlei He , Ahmed Salem , Zhikun Zhang , Michael Backes , Emiliano De Cristofaro , Mario Fritz , Yang Zhang

The speed and scale at which machine learning (ML) systems are deployed are accelerating even as an increasing number of studies highlight their potential for negative impact. There is a clear need for companies and regulators to manage the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Samson Tan , Araz Taeihagh , Kathy Baxter

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrating increasing prowess in cybersecurity applications, creating creating inherent risks alongside their potential for strengthening defenses. In this position paper, we argue that current efforts to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Kamilė Lukošiūtė , Adam Swanda

Although general-purpose AI systems offer transformational opportunities in science and industry, they simultaneously raise critical concerns about safety, misuse, and potential loss of control. Despite these risks, methods for assessing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Malcolm Murray , Steve Barrett , Henry Papadatos , Otter Quarks , Matt Smith , Alejandro Tlaie Boria , Chloé Touzet , Siméon Campos

The rapid deployment of large language model (LLM)-based agents introduces a new class of risks, driven by their capacity for autonomous planning, multi-step tool integration, and emergent interactions. It raises some risk factors for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Rafflesia Khan , Declan Joyce , Mansura Habiba

Threat modeling is a crucial component of cybersecurity, particularly for industries such as banking, where the security of financial data is paramount. Traditional threat modeling approaches require expert intervention and manual effort,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tingmin Wu , Shuiqiao Yang , Shigang Liu , David Nguyen , Seung Jang , Alsharif Abuadbba

Large Language Models increasingly power critical infrastructure from healthcare to finance, yet their vulnerability to adversarial manipulation threatens system integrity and user safety. Despite growing deployment, no comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Taiwo Onitiju , Iman Vakilinia

The burgeoning fields of machine learning (ML) and quantum machine learning (QML) have shown remarkable potential in tackling complex problems across various domains. However, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks raises concerns when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Mst Shapna Akter , Hossain Shahriar , Iysa Iqbal , MD Hossain , M. A. Karim , Victor Clincy , Razvan Voicu

Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been rapidly adopted by smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) due to their powerful decision-making capabilities. However, they are vulnerable to various security and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Muhammad Shafique , Mahum Naseer , Theocharis Theocharides , Christos Kyrkou , Onur Mutlu , Lois Orosa , Jungwook Choi

Recent research demonstrated that the superficially well-trained machine learning (ML) models are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples. As ML techniques are becoming a popular solution for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) applications in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Jiangnan Li , Yingyuan Yang , Jinyuan Stella Sun , Kevin Tomsovic , Hairong Qi

The idea of applying machine learning(ML) to solve problems in security domains is almost 3 decades old. As information and communications grow more ubiquitous and more data become available, many security risks arise as well as appetite to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Heju Jiang , Jasvir Nagra , Parvez Ahammad

Researchers have proposed a wide range of ransomware detection and analysis schemes. However, most of these efforts have focused on older families targeting Windows 7/8 systems. Hence there is a critical need to develop efficient solutions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Aldin Vehabovic , Hadi Zanddizari , Farook Shaikh , Nasir Ghani , Morteza Safaei Pour , Elias Bou-Harb , Jorge Crichigno

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) systems inherit vulnerabilities from classical machine learning while introducing new attack surfaces rooted in the physical and algorithmic layers of quantum computing. Despite a growing body of research on…

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being readily and rapidly adopted, increasingly permeating critical domains: from consumer platforms and enterprise software to networked systems with embedded agents. While this has unlocked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Amy Chang , Tiffany Saade , Sanket Mendapara , Adam Swanda , Ankit Garg

Over the years, the technological landscape has evolved, reshaping the security posture of organisations and increasing their exposure to cybersecurity threats, many originating from within. Insider threats remain a major challenge,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Selma Shikonde , Mike Wa Nkongolo

Traditional threat modeling occurs during design, but cloud deployments introduce unanticipated threats, especially multi-stage attacks chaining vulnerabilities across trust boundaries. Existing security tools analyze components in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Nicholas Pecka , Lotfi Ben Othmane , Bharat Bhargava , Renee Bryce