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While great success has been achieved in building vision models with Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) over internet-scale image-text pairs, building transferable Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with CLIP pipeline is challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zihao Li , Lecheng Zheng , Bowen Jin , Dongqi Fu , Baoyu Jing , Yikun Ban , Jingrui He , Jiawei Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained the ability to assimilate human knowledge and facilitate natural language interactions with both humans and other LLMs. However, despite their impressive achievements, LLMs have not made significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jianan Zhao , Le Zhuo , Yikang Shen , Meng Qu , Kai Liu , Michael Bronstein , Zhaocheng Zhu , Jian Tang

Pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated various reasoning capabilities through language-based prompts alone, particularly in unstructured task settings (tasks purely based on language semantics). However, LLMs often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Palaash Agrawal , Shavak Vasania , Cheston Tan

Graph-structured data are the commonly used and have wide application scenarios in the real world. For these diverse applications, the vast variety of learning tasks, graph domains, and complex graph learning procedures present challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Lanning Wei , Jun Gao , Huan Zhao , Quanming Yao

Many machine learning techniques have been proposed in the last few years to process data represented in graph-structured form. Graphs can be used to model several scenarios, from molecules and materials to RNA secondary structures. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Nicolò Navarin , Dinh V. Tran , Alessandro Sperduti

Graph-structured data exhibit substantial heterogeneity in where their predictive signals originate: in some domains, node-level semantics dominate, while in others, structural patterns play a central role. This structure-semantics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Safal Thapaliya , Zehong Wang , Jiazheng Li , Ziming Li , Yanfang Ye , Chuxu Zhang

Evaluating the graph comprehension and reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) is challenging and often incomplete. Existing benchmarks focus primarily on pure graph understanding, lacking a comprehensive evaluation across all…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zike Yuan , Ming Liu , Hui Wang , Bing Qin

Large Language Models are increasingly used by students to explore advanced material in computer science, including graph theory. As these tools become integrated into undergraduate and graduate coursework, it is important to understand how…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Adithya Kulkarni , Mohna Chakraborty , Jay Bagga

Recent prevailing works on graph machine learning typically follow a similar methodology that involves designing advanced variants of graph neural networks (GNNs) to maintain the superior performance of GNNs on different graphs. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yiran Qiao , Xiang Ao , Yang Liu , Jiarong Xu , Xiaoqian Sun , Qing He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become effective zero-shot classifiers, but their high computational requirements and environmental costs limit their practicality for large-scale annotation in high-performance computing (HPC)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 João Lucas Luz Lima Sarcinelli , Ricardo Marcondes Marcacini

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate great potential for problems with implicit graphical structures, while recent works seek to enhance the graph reasoning capabilities of LLMs through specialized instruction tuning. The resulting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yizhuo Zhang , Heng Wang , Shangbin Feng , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xiaochuang Han , Tianxing He , Yulia Tsvetkov

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as the standard method for numerous tasks on graph-structured data such as node classification. However, real-world graphs are often evolving over time and even new classes may arise. We model these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Lukas Galke , Benedikt Franke , Tobias Zielke , Ansgar Scherp

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, exhibit powerful zero-shot and instruction-following capabilities, have catalyzed a revolutionary transformation across diverse fields, especially for open-ended tasks. While the idea is less…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Mengmei Zhang , Mingwei Sun , Peng Wang , Shen Fan , Yanhu Mo , Xiaoxiao Xu , Hong Liu , Cheng Yang , Chuan Shi

Recent advances in test-time scaling have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to display sophisticated reasoning abilities via extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) generation. Despite their potential, these Reasoning LLMs (RLMs) often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhen Xiong , Yujun Cai , Zhecheng Li , Yiwei Wang

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at addressing straightforward reasoning tasks, they frequently struggle with difficulties when confronted by more complex multi-step reasoning due to a range of factors. Firstly, natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Kewei Cheng , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Theodore Willke , Yizhou Sun

Integrating large language models (LLMs) with knowledge graphs derived from domain-specific data represents an important advancement towards more powerful and factual reasoning. As these models grow more capable, it is crucial to enable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Stefan Dernbach , Khushbu Agarwal , Alejandro Zuniga , Michael Henry , Sutanay Choudhury

While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) recently became powerful tools in graph learning tasks, considerable efforts have been spent on improving GNNs' structural encoding ability. A particular line of work proposed subgraph GNNs that use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lecheng Kong , Jiarui Feng , Hao Liu , Dacheng Tao , Yixin Chen , Muhan Zhang

In this paper, we aim to develop a large language model (LLM) with the reasoning ability on complex graph data. Currently, LLMs have achieved very impressive performance on various natural language learning tasks, extensions of which have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Jiawei Zhang

One significant challenge of exploiting Graph neural networks (GNNs) in real-life scenarios is that they are always treated as black boxes, therefore leading to the requirement of interpretability. To address this, model-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiao Yue , Guangzhi Qu , Lige Gan

Recent advances in training-free visual prompting, such as Set-of-Mark, have emerged as a promising direction for enhancing the grounding capabilities of multimodal language models (MLMs). These techniques operate by partitioning the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Giacomo Frisoni , Lorenzo Molfetta , Mattia Buzzoni , Gianluca Moro
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