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Robots operating in everyday environments must often decide when and whether to engage with people, yet such decisions often hinge on subtle nonverbal cues that unfold over time and are difficult to model explicitly. Drawing on a five-day…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Fanjun Bu , Melina Tsai , Audrey Tjokro , Tapomayukh Bhattacharjee , Jorge Ortiz , Wendy Ju

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently been leveraged to generate robotic actions, forming Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. However, directly adapting a pretrained VLM for robotic control remains challenging, particularly when…

Robots executing tasks following human instructions in domestic or industrial environments essentially require both adaptability and reliability. Behavior Tree (BT) emerges as an appropriate control architecture for these scenarios due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Xinglin Chen , Yishuai Cai , Yunxin Mao , Minglong Li , Wenjing Yang , Weixia Xu , Ji Wang

Off-road traversability segmentation enables autonomous navigation with applications in search-and-rescue, military operations, wildlife exploration, and agriculture. Current frameworks struggle due to significant variations in unstructured…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Sattwik Sahu , Agamdeep Singh , Karthik Nambiar , Srikanth Saripalli , P. B. Sujit

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at general code generation, yet translating natural-language trading intents into correct option strategies remains challenging. Real-world option design requires reasoning over massive, multi-dimensional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Haochen Luo , Zhengzhao Lai , Junjie Xu , Yifan Li , Tang Pok Hin , Yuan Zhang , Chen Liu

Large language models (LLMs) can translate natural language instructions into executable action plans for robotics, autonomous driving, and other domains. Yet, deploying LLM-driven planning in the physical world demands strict adherence to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yunhao Yang , Junyuan Hong , Gabriel Jacob Perin , Zhiwen Fan , Li Yin , Zhangyang Wang , Ufuk Topcu

This paper presents a novel concept for intuitive end-user programming of robots, inspired by natural interaction between humans. Natural language and supportive gestures are translated into robot programs using large language models (LLMs)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Bijan Kavousian , Petar Tesic , Oliver Petrovic , Christian Brecher

Vision-language-action models have emerged as a crucial paradigm in robotic manipulation. However, existing VLA models exhibit notable limitations in handling ambiguous language instructions and unknown environmental states. Furthermore,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Helong Huang , Min Cen , Kai Tan , Xingyue Quan , Guowei Huang , Hong Zhang

A key technology for the development of large language models (LLMs) involves instruction tuning that helps align the models' responses with human expectations to realize impressive learning abilities. Two major approaches for instruction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Viet Dac Lai , Chien Van Nguyen , Nghia Trung Ngo , Thuat Nguyen , Franck Dernoncourt , Ryan A. Rossi , Thien Huu Nguyen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) provide robots with contextual reasoning abilities to comprehend human instructions. Yet, current LLM-enabled robots typically depend on cloud-based models or high-performance computing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Wenhao Wang , Yanyan Li , Long Jiao , Jiawei Yuan

Recent advancements in autonomous driving (AD) have explored the use of vision-language models (VLMs) within visual question answering (VQA) frameworks for direct driving decision-making. However, these approaches often depend on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xin Hu , Taotao Jing , Renran Tian , Zhengming Ding

Most existing social robot navigation techniques either leverage hand-crafted rules or human demonstrations to connect robot perception to socially compliant actions. However, there remains a significant gap in effectively translating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Amirreza Payandeh , Daeun Song , Mohammad Nazeri , Jing Liang , Praneel Mukherjee , Amir Hossain Raj , Yangzhe Kong , Dinesh Manocha , Xuesu Xiao

This paper presents an improved system based on our prior work, designed to create explanations for autonomous robot actions during Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Previously, we developed a system that used Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) and strong vision models have enabled rapid research and development in the field of Vision-Language-Action models that enable robotic control. The main objective of these methods is to develop a generalist…

Incremental decision making in real-world environments is one of the most challenging tasks in embodied artificial intelligence. One particularly demanding scenario is Vision and Language Navigation~(VLN) which requires visual and natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Raphael Schumann , Wanrong Zhu , Weixi Feng , Tsu-Jui Fu , Stefan Riezler , William Yang Wang

Assistive robotics is an important subarea of robotics that focuses on the well-being of people with disabilities. A robotic guide dog is an assistive quadruped robot that helps visually impaired people in obstacle avoidance and navigation.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) present a promising frontier in robotic task planning by leveraging extensive human knowledge. Nevertheless, the current literature often overlooks the critical aspects of robots' adaptability and error…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Sthithpragya Gupta , Kunpeng Yao , Loïc Niederhauser , Aude Billard

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable achievements, driven by the rich implicit knowledge of their vision-language components. However, achieving generalist robotic agents demands precise grounding into physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jialei Huang , Shuo Wang , Fanqi Lin , Yihang Hu , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao

The use of adaptive workflow management for in situ visualization and analysis has been a growing trend in large-scale scientific simulations. However, coordinating adaptive workflows with traditional procedural programming languages can be…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Qi Wu , Tyson Neuroth , Oleg Igouchkine , Konduri Aditya , Jacqueline H. Chen , Kwan-Liu Ma

Open-Vocabulary Multi-Object Tracking (OV-MOT) aims to enable approaches to track objects without being limited to a predefined set of categories. Current OV-MOT methods typically rely primarily on instance-level detection and association,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yunhao Li , Yifan Jiao , Dan Meng , Heng Fan , Libo Zhang