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We consider the problem of Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN). The majority of current methods for VLN are trained end-to-end using either unstructured memory such as LSTM, or using cross-modal attention over the egocentric observations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Georgios Georgakis , Karl Schmeckpeper , Karan Wanchoo , Soham Dan , Eleni Miltsakaki , Dan Roth , Kostas Daniilidis

Embodied navigation that adheres to social norms remains an open research challenge. Our SocialNav is a foundational model for socially-aware navigation with a hierarchical "brain-action" architecture, capable of understanding high-level…

While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made groundbreaking progress in embodied intelligence, they still face significant challenges in spatial reasoning for complex long-horizon tasks. To address this gap, we propose…

A fundamental challenge in embodied AI is verifying if agents build internal models of spatial structure or merely learn to mimic task-specific expert trajectories. This is critical as foundational approaches rooted in action-centric tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jinzhou Tang , Sidi Liu , Waikit Xiu , Weixing Chen , Keze Wang

Navigation is an essential ability for mobile agents to be completely autonomous and able to perform complex actions. However, the problem of navigation for agents with limited (or no) perception of the world, or devoid of a fully defined…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Danilo Perico , Paulo E. Santos , Reinaldo Bianchi

A crucial ability of mobile intelligent agents is to integrate the evidence from multiple sensory inputs in an environment and to make a sequence of actions to reach their goals. In this paper, we attempt to approach the problem of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Chuang Gan , Yiwei Zhang , Jiajun Wu , Boqing Gong , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Navigating to instance-level targets in complex environments is a challenging problem. Many existing zero-shot methods achieve strong performance by modeling the entire environment and leveraging large language models for scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jingyu Li , Zhe Liu , Wenxiao Wu , Li Zhang

Semantic navigation requires an agent to navigate toward a specified target in an unseen environment. Employing an imaginative navigation strategy that predicts future scenes before taking action, can empower the agent to find target…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Yue Hu , Junzhe Wu , Ruihan Xu , Hang Liu , Avery Xi , Henry X. Liu , Ram Vasudevan , Maani Ghaffari

Object goal navigation (ObjectNav) is a fundamental task in embodied AI, requiring an agent to locate a target object in previously unseen environments. This task is particularly challenging because it requires both perceptual and cognitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Yihan Cao , Jiazhao Zhang , Zhinan Yu , Shuzhen Liu , Zheng Qin , Qin Zou , Bo Du , Kai Xu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in tasks such as code and mathematics. However, their potential to internalize structured spatial knowledge remains underexplored. This study investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Sirui Xia , Aili Chen , Xintao Wang , Tinghui Zhu , Yikai Zhang , Jiangjie Chen , Yanghua Xiao

Embodied navigation demands comprehensive scene understanding and precise spatial reasoning. While image-text models excel at interpreting pixel-level color and lighting cues, 3D-text models capture volumetric structure and spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Haihong Hao , Mingfei Han , Changlin Li , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang

Animal navigation research posits that organisms build and maintain internal spatial representations, or maps, of their environment. We ask if machines -- specifically, artificial intelligence (AI) navigation agents -- also build implicit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Erik Wijmans , Manolis Savva , Irfan Essa , Stefan Lee , Ari S. Morcos , Dhruv Batra

Vision-centric hierarchical embodied models have demonstrated strong potential. However, existing methods lack spatial awareness capabilities, limiting their effectiveness in bridging visual plans to actionable control in complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yijun Liu , Yuwei Liu , Yuan Meng , Jieheng Zhang , Yuwei Zhou , Ye Li , Jiacheng Jiang , Kangye Ji , Shijia Ge , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Multimodal language models (MLMs) perform well on semantic vision-language tasks but fail at spatial reasoning that requires adopting another agent's visual perspective. These errors reflect a persistent egocentric bias and raise questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Bridget Leonard , Scott O. Murray

Humans have a natural ability to perform semantic associations with the surrounding objects in the environment. This allows them to create a mental map of the environment, allowing them to navigate on-demand when given linguistic…

Visual navigation in unknown environments based solely on natural language descriptions is a key capability for intelligent robots. In this work, we propose a navigation framework built upon off-the-shelf Visual Language Models (VLMs),…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Weifan Zhang , Tingguang Li , Yuzhen Liu

Visual navigation is an essential skill for home-assistance robots, providing the object-searching ability to accomplish long-horizon daily tasks. Many recent approaches use Large Language Models (LLMs) for commonsense inference to improve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xinxin Zhao , Wenzhe Cai , Likun Tang , Teng Wang

This works presents a formulation for visual navigation that unifies map based spatial reasoning and path planning, with landmark based robust plan execution in noisy environments. Our proposed formulation is learned from data and is thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Saurabh Gupta , David Fouhey , Sergey Levine , Jitendra Malik

Accomplishing household tasks requires to plan step-by-step actions considering the consequences of previous actions. However, the state-of-the-art embodied agents often make mistakes in navigating the environment and interacting with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Byeonghwi Kim , Jinyeon Kim , Yuyeong Kim , Cheolhong Min , Jonghyun Choi

We introduce a learning-based approach for room navigation using semantic maps. Our proposed architecture learns to predict top-down belief maps of regions that lie beyond the agent's field of view while modeling architectural and stylistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Medhini Narasimhan , Erik Wijmans , Xinlei Chen , Trevor Darrell , Dhruv Batra , Devi Parikh , Amanpreet Singh