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We develop an adaptive method for quantum state preparation that utilizes randomness as an essential component and that does not require classical optimization. Instead, a cost function is minimized to prepare a desired quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-10 Alicia B. Magann , Sophia E. Economou , Christian Arenz

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) algorithms require novel paradigms of error mitigation. To obtain noise-robust quantum computers, each logical qubit is equipped with hundreds or thousands of physical qubits. However, it is not…

We present an extension of the Evolving density matrices on Qubits (E$\rho$OQ) framework that enables efficient fault-tolerant preparation of fermionic quantum states. The original method circumvents state preparation by stochastic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Erik J. Gustafson , Henry Lamm

We present the solid-state quantum circuits that have been developed in order to implement quantum bits suitable for a quantum processor. These qubits are either based on the quantum state of a single particle (semiconductor qubits), or on…

Superconductivity · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Esteve , D. Vion

Many quantum states arising in algorithms and physical systems occupy only a small, structured subset of the exponentially large Hilbert space, yet standard quantum state tomography fails to exploit this structure. We present an efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Chi-Kwong Li , Kevin Yipu Wu , Zherui Zhang

Quantum data loading plays a central role in quantum algorithms and quantum information processing. Many quantum algorithms hinge on the ability to prepare arbitrary superposition states as a subroutine, with claims of exponential speedups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Chun-Tse Li , Hao-Chung Cheng

The initial state creation is a starting point of many quantum algorithms and usually is considered as a separate subroutine not included into the algorithm itself. There are many algorithms aimed on creation of special class of states. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Alexander I. Zenchuk , Wentao Qi , Junde Wu

The exact number of CNOT and single qubit gates needed to implement a Quantum Algorithm in a given architecture is one of the central problems of Quantum Computation. In this work we study the importance of concise realizations of Partially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-21 Chandra Sekhar Mukherjee , Subhamoy Maitra , Vineet Gaurav , Dibyendu Roy

In this work, we investigate the trade-off between the circuit depth and the number of ancillary qubits for preparing sparse quantum states. We prove that any $n$-qubit $d$-spare quantum state (i.e., it has only $d$ non-zero amplitudes) can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Jingquan Luo , Guanzhong Li , Lvzhou Li

We demonstrate that a high fidelity approximation to $| \Psi_b \rangle$, the quantum superposition over all bit strings within Hamming distance $b$ of the codewords of a dimension-$k$ linear code over $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$, can be efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-26 Edward Farhi , Stephen P. Jordan

We present a hybrid scheme for quantum computation that combines the modular structure of elementary building blocks used in the circuit model with the advantages of a measurement-based approach to quantum computation. We show how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-24 M. Zwerger , H. J. Briegel , W. Dür

Electronic state calculations using quantum computers are mostly based on second quantization, which is suitable for qubit representation. Another way to describe electronic states on a quantum computer is first quantization, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Takahiro Horiba , Soichi Shirai , Hirotoshi Hirai

Near-term hardware is constrained by high error rates, small qubit counts, and relatively low output fidelity, making the execution of large, high performance quantum circuits difficult. Circuit partitioning (or circuit cutting) has emerged…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Connor Howe , Cristina Radian , Justin Woodring , Vardaan Sahgal , Brian J. McDermott

In order to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation, we need to repeat the following sequence of four steps: First, perform 1 or 2 qubit quantum gates (in parallel if possible). Second, do a syndrome measurement on a subset of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Harry Buhrman , Marten Folkertsma , Bruno Loff , Niels M. P. Neumann

Assemblies of strongly interacting fermions, whether in a condensed-matter or a quantum chemistry context, range amongst the most promising candidate systems for which quantum computing platforms could provide an advantage. Near-term…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Pauline Besserve , Michel Ferrero , Thomas Ayral

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE), the quantum algorithm for estimating eigenvalues of a given Hermitian matrix and preparing its eigenvectors, is considered the most promising approach to finding the ground states and their energies of…

We present two scalable and entanglement-free methods for estimating the collective state of an n-qubit quantum computer. The first method consists of a fixed set of five quantum circuits-regardless of the number of qubits-that avoid the…

The quantum simulation of real molecules and materials is one of the most highly anticipated applications of quantum computing. Algorithms for simulating electronic structure using a first-quantized plane wave representation are especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 William J. Huggins , Oskar Leimkuhler , Torin F. Stetina , K. Birgitta Whaley

Quantum algorithm design usually assumes access to a perfect quantum computer with ideal properties like full connectivity, noise-freedom and arbitrarily long coherence time. In Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, however, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-11 Xiangzhen Zhou , Sanjiang Li , Yuan Feng

Many applications of quantum simulation require to prepare and then characterize quantum states by performing an efficient partial tomography to estimate observables corresponding to $k$-body reduced density matrices ($k$-RDMs). For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-24 Xavier Bonet-Monroig , Ryan Babbush , Thomas E. O'Brien
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