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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving various tasks, yet they often struggle with comprehensively addressing complex and vague problems. Existing approaches, including multi-agent LLM systems,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Sumedh Rasal , E. J. Hauer

Supply Chain Management requires addressing a variety of complex decision-making challenges, from sourcing strategies to planning and execution. Over the last few decades, advances in computation and information technologies have enabled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 David Simchi-Levi , Konstantina Mellou , Ishai Menache , Jeevan Pathuri

The advancements of Large language models (LLMs) have provided great opportunities to text-to-SQL tasks to overcome the main challenges to understand complex domain information and complex database structures in business applications. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wenda Zhang

In the domain of data science, the predictive tasks of classification, regression, and imputation of missing values are commonly encountered challenges associated with tabular data. This research endeavors to apply Large Language Models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yazheng Yang , Yuqi Wang , Yaxuan Li , Sankalok Sen , Lei Li , Lin Qiu , Qi Liu

Question answering on free-form tables (a.k.a. TableQA) is a challenging task because of the flexible structure and complex schema of tables. Recent studies use Large Language Models (LLMs) for this task, exploiting their capability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuxiang Wang , Jianzhong Qi , Junhao Gan

Structured Complex Task Decomposition (SCTD) is the problem of breaking down a complex real-world task (such as planning a wedding) into a directed acyclic graph over individual steps that contribute to achieving the task, with edges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Quan Yuan , Mehran Kazemi , Xin Xu , Isaac Noble , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Deepak Ramachandran

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on large volumes of data excel at various natural language tasks, but they cannot handle tasks requiring knowledge that has not been trained on previously. One solution is to use a retriever that fetches…

Plan synthesis aims to generate a course of actions or policies to transit given initial states to goal states, provided domain models that could be designed by experts or learnt from training data or interactions with the world. Intrigued…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Xin Chen , Rong Pan

Case-based reasoning is a cornerstone of U.S. legal practice, requiring professionals to argue about a current case by drawing analogies to and distinguishing from past precedents. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Li Zhang , Matthias Grabmair , Morgan Gray , Kevin Ashley

Long-context reasoning is essential for complex real-world applications, yet remains a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite the rapid evolution in long-context reasoning, current research often overlooks the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yanling Xiao , Huaibing Xie , Guoliang Zhao , Shihan Dou , Shaolei Wang , Yiting Liu , Nantao Zheng , Cheng Zhang , Pluto Zhou , Zhisong Zhang , Lemao Liu

Table-based question answering requires complex reasoning capabilities that current LLMs struggle to achieve with single-pass inference. Existing approaches, such as Chain-of-Thought reasoning and question decomposition, lack error…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ye Bai , Minghan Wang , Thuy-Trang Vu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with requests related to information retrieval and data manipulation that frequently arise in real-world scenarios under multiple conditions. In this paper, we demonstrate that leveraging tabular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Jio Oh , Geon Heo , Seungjun Oh , Hyunjin Kim , JinYeong Bak , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie , Steven Euijong Whang

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enhanced natural-language reasoning. However, their limited parametric memory and susceptibility to hallucination present persistent challenges for tasks requiring accurate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yu-Hsuan Lin , Qian-Hui Chen , Yi-Jie Cheng , Jia-Ren Zhang , Yi-Hung Liu , Liang-Yu Hsia , Yun-Nung Chen

Data preparation is a critical step in enhancing the usability of tabular data and thus boosts downstream data-driven tasks. Traditional methods often face challenges in capturing the intricate relationships within tables and adapting to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mengshi Chen , Yuxiang Sun , Tengchao Li , Jianwei Wang , Kai Wang , Xuemin Lin , Ying Zhang , Wenjie Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable ability in solving complex tasks, making them a promising tool for enhancing tabular learning. However, existing LLM-based methods suffer from high resource requirements, suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Ruxue Shi , Hengrui Gu , Xu Shen , Xin Wang

Recent breakthroughs in large language modeling have facilitated rigorous exploration of their application in diverse tasks related to tabular data modeling, such as prediction, tabular data synthesis, question answering, and table…

Large Language Models (LLMs), excel in natural language understanding, but their capability for complex mathematical reasoning with an amalgamation of structured tables and unstructured text is uncertain. This study explores LLMs'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Pragya Srivastava , Manuj Malik , Vivek Gupta , Tanuja Ganu , Dan Roth

Recent advancements in the reasoning skills of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an increase in the ability of LLMs to solve simple planning tasks. However, as long as the driving force behind improved reasoning capability is the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Andrey Borro , Patricia J Riddle , Michael W Barley , Michael J Witbrock

In-context learning of large-language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success in the field of natural language processing, while extensive case studies reveal that the single-step chain-of-thought prompting approach faces challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yuanzhen Xie , Xinzhou Jin , Tao Xie , MingXiong Lin , Liang Chen , Chenyun Yu , Lei Cheng , ChengXiang Zhuo , Bo Hu , Zang Li

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have notably enhanced their ability to reason with tabular data, primarily through program-aided mechanisms that manipulate and analyze tables. However, these methods often require the entire…