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Human activities are particularly complex and variable, and this makes challenging for deep learning models to reason about them. However, we note that such variability does have an underlying structure, composed of a hierarchy of patterns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Simone Alberto Peirone , Francesca Pistilli , Giuseppe Averta

Enabling humanoid robots to reliably execute complex multi-step manipulation tasks is crucial for their effective deployment in industrial and household environments. This paper presents a hierarchical planning and control framework…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 André Schakkal , Ben Zandonati , Zhutian Yang , Navid Azizan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have advanced autonomous driving, but existing benchmarks still lack scenario diversity, reliable action-level annotation, and evaluation protocols aligned with human preferences. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuhan Hao , Zhengning Li , Lei Sun , Weilong Wang , Naixin Yi , Sheng Song , Caihong Qin , Mofan Zhou , Yifei Zhan , Xianpeng Lang

Humans perceive actions through key transitions that structure actions across multiple abstraction levels, whereas machines, relying on visual features, tend to over-segment. This highlights the difficulty of enabling hierarchical reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Junxian Huang , Ruichu Cai , Hao Zhu , Juntao Fang , Boyan Xu , Weilin Chen , Zijian Li , Shenghua Gao

Prior Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are typically trained on teleoperated successful demonstrations, while discarding numerous failed attempts that occur naturally during data collection. However, these failures encode where and how…

On public benchmarks, current action recognition techniques have achieved great success. However, when used in real-world applications, e.g. sport analysis, which requires the capability of parsing an activity into phases and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Dian Shao , Yue Zhao , Bo Dai , Dahua Lin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in perceiving and describing visual environments. However, their ability to proactively reason and act based solely on visual inputs, without explicit textual prompts, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Daoan Zhang , Pai Liu , Xiaofei Zhou , Yuan Ge , Guangchen Lan , Jing Bi , Christopher Brinton , Ehsan Hoque , Jiebo Luo

Fine-grained human action recognition is a core research topic in computer vision. Inspired by the recently proposed hierarchy representation of fine-grained actions in FineGym and SlowFast network for action recognition, we propose a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Mei Chee Leong , Hui Li Tan , Haosong Zhang , Liyuan Li , Feng Lin , Joo Hwee Lim

Human-centred systems require an understanding of human actions in the physical world. Temporally extended sequences of actions are intentional and structured, yet existing methods for recognising what actions are performed often do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Rimvydas Rubavicius , Manisha Dubey , N. Siddharth , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Understanding and replicating human mobility requires not only spatial-temporal accuracy but also an awareness of the cognitive hierarchy underlying real-world travel decisions. Traditional agent-based or deep learning models can reproduce…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Qiumeng Li , Chunhou Ji , Xinyue Liu

Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning algorithms have successfully been applied to temporal credit assignment problems with sparse reward signals. However, state-of-the-art algorithms require manual specification of sub-task structures, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Robert Tjarko Lange , Aldo Faisal

Consistent high-quality nursing care is essential for patient safety, yet current nursing education depends on subjective, time-intensive instructor feedback in training future nurses, which limits scalability and efficiency in their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shen Chang , Dennis Liu , Renran Tian , Kristen L. Swartzell , Stacie L. Klingler , Amy M. Nagle , Nan Kong

Recent advances in end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving have been enabled by training on diverse large-scale driving datasets, yet autonomous driving models still struggle in out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios. The COOOL benchmark targets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Shingo Yokoi , Kento Sasaki , Yu Yamaguchi

Language provides a way to break down complex concepts into digestible pieces. Recent works in robot imitation learning use language-conditioned policies that predict actions given visual observations and the high-level task specified in…

Imitation learning for robotic manipulation often suffers from limited generalization and data scarcity, especially in complex, long-horizon tasks. In this work, we introduce a hierarchical framework that leverages code-generating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Markus Peschl , Pietro Mazzaglia , Daniel Dijkman

Video recognition remains an open challenge, requiring the identification of diverse content categories within videos. Mainstream approaches often perform flat classification, overlooking the intrinsic hierarchical structure relating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Rui Zhang , Shuailong Li , Junxiao Xue , Feng Lin , Qing Zhang , Xiao Ma , Xiaoran Yan

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents exhibit significant potential across various domains, operating as interactive systems that process environmental observations to generate executable actions for target tasks. The effectiveness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Mengkang Hu , Tianxing Chen , Qiguang Chen , Yao Mu , Wenqi Shao , Ping Luo

Large language model (LLM) agents have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in interactive decision-making, yet they remain fundamentally limited in long-horizon tasks that require structured planning and reliable execution. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Hongbo Jin , Rongpeng Zhu , Jiayu Ding , Guibo Luo , Ge Li

While end-to-end Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, fine-tuning them on narrow control data often compromises the profound reasoning capabilities inherited from their base…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tianshuo Yang , Guanyu Chen , Yutian Chen , Zhixuan Liang , Yitian Liu , Zanxin Chen , Chunpu Xu , Haotian Liang , Jiangmiao Pang , Yao Mu , Ping Luo

Understanding human actions in visual data is tied to advances in complementary research areas including object recognition, human dynamics, domain adaptation and semantic segmentation. Over the last decade, human action analysis evolved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-02 Samitha Herath , Mehrtash Harandi , Fatih Porikli
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