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The rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has become a transformative force in the field of artificial intelligence, enabling machines to process and generate content across multiple modalities, such as text, images, audio, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ming Li , Keyu Chen , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu , Xinyuan Song , Zekun Jiang , Tianyang Wang , Benji Peng , Qian Niu , Junyu Liu , Jinlang Wang , Sen Zhang , Xuanhe Pan , Jiawei Xu , Pohsun Feng

This paper introduces MMRefine, a MultiModal Refinement benchmark designed to evaluate the error refinement capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). As the emphasis shifts toward enhancing reasoning during inference,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Gio Paik , Geewook Kim , Jinbae Im

This technical report aims to fill a deficiency in the assessment of large multimodal models (LMMs) by specifically examining the self-consistency of their outputs when subjected to common corruptions. We investigate the cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jiawei Zhang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Yi Ren , Bo Li , Min Lin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), building upon the foundation of powerful large language models (LLMs), have recently demonstrated exceptional capabilities in generating not only texts but also images given interleaved multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Bohao Li , Yuying Ge , Yixiao Ge , Guangzhi Wang , Rui Wang , Ruimao Zhang , Ying Shan

We introduce MMTR-Bench, a benchmark designed to evaluate the intrinsic ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to reconstruct masked text directly from visual context. Unlike conventional question-answering tasks, MMTR-Bench…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jindi Guo , Chaozheng Huang , Xi Fang

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have improved performance in multi-modal learning, raising the question of whether these models truly understand the content they process. Crucially, can VLMs detect when a reasoning process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yang Shi , Yifeng Xie , Minzhe Guo , Liangsi Lu , Mingxuan Huang , Jingchao Wang , Zhihong Zhu , Boyan Xu , Zhiqi Huang

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are predominantly trained and tested on consistent visual-textual inputs, leaving open the question of whether they can handle inconsistencies in real-world, layout-rich content. To bridge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Qianqi Yan , Yue Fan , Hongquan Li , Shan Jiang , Yang Zhao , Xinze Guan , Ching-Chen Kuo , Xin Eric Wang

In recent years, multimodal benchmarks for general domains have guided the rapid development of multimodal models on general tasks. However, the financial field has its peculiarities. It features unique graphical images (e.g., candlestick…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ziliang Gan , Yu Lu , Dong Zhang , Haohan Li , Che Liu , Jian Liu , Ji Liu , Haipang Wu , Chaoyou Fu , Zenglin Xu , Rongjunchen Zhang , Yong Dai

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

We propose the problem of conversational web navigation, where a digital agent controls a web browser and follows user instructions to solve real-world tasks in a multi-turn dialogue fashion. To support this problem, we introduce WEBLINX -…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Xing Han Lù , Zdeněk Kasner , Siva Reddy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly trained on multilingual corpora that include Greek, yet reliable evaluation benchmarks for Greek-particularly those based on authentic, native-sourced content-remain limited. Existing datasets are…

The comprehension of text-rich visual scenes has become a focal point for evaluating Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) due to their widespread applications. Current benchmarks tailored to the scenario emphasize perceptual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Bin Shan , Xiang Fei , Wei Shi , An-Lan Wang , Guozhi Tang , Lei Liao , Jingqun Tang , Xiang Bai , Can Huang

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed a paradigm shift in programming, giving rise to "vibe coding", where users can build complete projects and even control computers using natural language instructions. This paradigm…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Fanheng Kong , Jingyuan Zhang , Yang Yue , Chenxi Sun , Yang Tian , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yu Tian , Jun Du , Wenchong Zeng , Han Li , Kun Gai

Understanding documents with rich layouts and multi-modal components is a long-standing and practical task. Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in various tasks, particularly in single-page document…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Yubo Ma , Yuhang Zang , Liangyu Chen , Meiqi Chen , Yizhu Jiao , Xinze Li , Xinyuan Lu , Ziyu Liu , Yan Ma , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Liangming Pan , Yu-Gang Jiang , Jiaqi Wang , Yixin Cao , Aixin Sun

This paper introduces MMMU-Pro, a robust version of the Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning (MMMU) benchmark. MMMU-Pro rigorously assesses multimodal models' true understanding and reasoning capabilities through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xiang Yue , Tianyu Zheng , Yuansheng Ni , Yubo Wang , Kai Zhang , Shengbang Tong , Yuxuan Sun , Botao Yu , Ge Zhang , Huan Sun , Yu Su , Wenhu Chen , Graham Neubig

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has ignited discussions regarding their potential to surpass human performance in multimodal tasks. In response, we introduce MANBench (Multimodal Ability Norms Benchmark), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Han Zhou , Qitong Xu , Yiheng Dong , Xin Yang

The advent of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has expanded AI capabilities to visual modalities, yet existing evaluation benchmarks remain limited to single-video understanding, overlooking the critical need for multi-video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Tianhao Peng , Haochen Wang , Yuanxing Zhang , Zekun Wang , Zili Wang , Gavin Chang , Jian Yang , Shihao Li , Yanghai Wang , Xintao Wang , Houyi Li , Wei Ji , Pengfei Wan , Steven Huang , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Jiaheng Liu

In an era defined by the explosive growth of data and rapid technological advancements, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) stand at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Designed to seamlessly integrate diverse data…

Rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have increased interest in deploying them on mobile devices for on-device AI applications. Mobile users interact differently with LLMs compared to desktop users, creating unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Sondos Mahmoud Bsharat , Mukul Ranjan , Aidar Myrzakhan , Jiacheng Liu , Bowei Guo , Shengkun Tang , Zhuang Liu , Yuanzhi Li , Zhiqiang Shen

Understanding humor is a core aspect of social intelligence, yet it remains a significant challenge for Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). We introduce PixelHumor, a benchmark dataset of 2,800 annotated multi-panel comics designed to evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yuriel Ryan , Rui Yang Tan , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo , Roy Ka-Wei Lee