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We investigate the mechanisms by which medium-frequency trading agents are adversely selected by opportunistic high-frequency traders. We use reinforcement learning (RL) within a Hawkes Limit Order Book (LOB) model in order to replicate the…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-03 Ali Raza Jafree , Konark Jain , Nick Firoozye

We show that adversarial reinforcement learning (ARL) can be used to produce market marking agents that are robust to adversarial and adaptively-chosen market conditions. To apply ARL, we turn the well-studied single-agent model of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-09 Thomas Spooner , Rahul Savani

This thesis presents the results of a comprehensive research project focused on applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to the problem of market making in financial markets. Market makers (MMs) play a fundamental role in providing liquidity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Óscar Fernández Vicente

The deployment of multi-agent systems in dynamic, adversarial environments like robotic soccer necessitates real-time decision-making, sophisticated cooperation, and scalable algorithms to avoid the curse of dimensionality. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Aya Taourirte , Md Sohag Mia

We develop a deep reinforcement learning (RL) framework for an optimal market-making (MM) trading problem, specifically focusing on price processes with semi-Markov and Hawkes Jump-Diffusion dynamics. We begin by discussing the basics of RL…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-03 Luca Lalor , Anatoliy Swishchuk

Market makers play an important role in providing liquidity to markets by continuously quoting prices at which they are willing to buy and sell, and managing inventory risk. In this paper, we build a multi-agent simulation of a dealer…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-11-15 Sumitra Ganesh , Nelson Vadori , Mengda Xu , Hua Zheng , Prashant Reddy , Manuela Veloso

Agent-based models (ABMs) have shown promise for modelling various real world phenomena incompatible with traditional equilibrium analysis. However, a critical concern is the manual definition of behavioural rules in ABMs. Recent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Benjamin Patrick Evans , Sumitra Ganesh

Market making is a popular trading strategy, which aims to generate profit from the spread between the quotes posted at either side of the market. It has been shown that training market makers (MMs) with adversarial reinforcement learning…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-26 Ziyi Wang , Carmine Ventre , Maria Polukarov

The realm of High-Frequency Trading (HFT) is characterized by rapid decision-making processes that capitalize on fleeting market inefficiencies. As the financial markets become increasingly competitive, there is a pressing need for…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-21 Soumyadip Sarkar

Market makers play a key role in financial markets by providing liquidity. They usually fill order books with buy and sell limit orders in order to provide traders alternative price levels to operate. This paper focuses precisely on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Oscar Fernández Vicente , Fernando Fernández Rebollo , Francisco Javier García Polo

We study the optimal Market Making problem in a Limit Order Book (LOB) market simulated using a high-fidelity, mutually exciting Hawkes process. Departing from traditional Brownian-driven mid-price models, our setup captures key…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-03 Konark Jain , Nick Firoozye , Jonathan Kochems , Philip Treleaven

High-frequency market making is a liquidity-providing trading strategy that simultaneously generates many bids and asks for a security at ultra-low latency while maintaining a relatively neutral position. The strategy makes a profit from…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Pankaj Kumar

Optimal order execution is widely studied by industry practitioners and academic researchers because it determines the profitability of investment decisions and high-level trading strategies, particularly those involving large volumes of…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2020-09-15 Michaël Karpe , Jin Fang , Zhongyao Ma , Chen Wang

We present ABIDES-MARL, a framework that combines a new multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methodology with a new realistic limit-order-book (LOB) simulation system to study equilibrium behavior in complex financial market games. The…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-11-05 Patrick Cheridito , Jean-Loup Dupret , Zhexin Wu

This paper establishes a new and comprehensive theoretical analysis for the application of reinforcement learning (RL) in high-frequency market making. We bridge the modern RL theory and the continuous-time statistical models in…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-13 Yuheng Zheng , Zihan Ding

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown significant promise in automated portfolio management; however, effectively balancing risk and return remains a central challenge, as many models fail to adapt to dynamically changing market conditions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiayi Chen , Jing Li , Guiling Wang

The stochastic control problem of optimal market making is among the central problems in quantitative finance. In this paper, a deep reinforcement learning-based controller is trained on a weakly consistent, multivariate Hawkes…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-07-21 Bruno Gašperov , Zvonko Kostanjčar

Multi-agent adversarial inverse reinforcement learning (MA-AIRL) is a recent approach that applies single-agent AIRL to multi-agent problems where we seek to recover both policies for our agents and reward functions that promote expert-like…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Wonseok Jeon , Paul Barde , Derek Nowrouzezahrai , Joelle Pineau

Recent advances in deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) have created unprecedented opportunities for intelligent automation, where a machine can autonomously learn an optimal policy for performing a given task. However, current deep RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Zohreh Raziei , Mohsen Moghaddam

Trading markets represent a real-world financial application to deploy reinforcement learning agents, however, they carry hard fundamental challenges such as high variance and costly exploration. Moreover, markets are inherently a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yue Gao , Kry Yik Chau Lui , Pablo Hernandez-Leal
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