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The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project aimed at studying the magnetic connectivity of the solar atmosphere, from the deep photosphere to the upper chromosphere. Its design combines the knowledge and expertise gathered by the…

A design study is currently in progress for a third generation gravitational-wave (GW) detector called Einstein Telescope (ET). An important kind of source for ET will be the inspiral and merger of binary neutron stars (BNS) up to $z \sim…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-02 W. Zhao , C. Van Den Broeck , D. Baskaran , T. G. F. Li

With significantly improved sensitivity, the Einstein Telescope (ET), along with other upcoming gravitational wave detectors, will mark the beginning of precision gravitational wave astronomy. However, the pursuit of surpassing current…

Around the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity [Einstein, A., Annalen der Physik 49, 769-822 (1916)] and are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration

Recent observations made with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo have initiated the era of gravitational-wave astronomy. The number of events detected by these "2nd Generation" (2G) ground-based observatories is partially limited by noise…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-09-01 Christoph Reinhardt , Alexander Franke , Jörn Schaffran , Roman Schnabel , Axel Lindner

Recent advances in atom interferometry have led to the development of quantum inertial sensors with outstanding performance in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and long-term stability. For ground-based implementations, these sensors are…

We present the design and commissioning of a cryogenic low-vibration test facility that measures displacement noise from a gram-scale silicon cantilever at the level of 10$^{-16}\, \mathrm{m/\sqrt{Hz}}$ at 1kHz. A volume of $\sim$36 litres…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-08-28 D. P. Kapasi , T. G. McRae , J. Eichholz , P. A. Altin , D. E. McClelland , B. J. J. Slagmolen

Einstein Telescope (ET) is a proposed next-generation Gravitational Wave (GW) interferometer designed to detect a large number of astrophysical and cosmological sources with unprecedented sensitivity. A key target for ET is the detection of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-17 Ilaria Caporali , Giulia Capurri , Walter Del Pozzo , Angelo Ricciardone , Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi

The Einstein Telescope is a conceived third generation gravitational-wave detector that is envisioned to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than advanced LIGO, Virgo and Kagra, which would be able to detect gravitational-wave signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-20 Duncan Meacher , Kipp Cannon , Chad Hanna , Tania Regimbau , B. S. Sathyaprakash

The discovery of gravitational waves from merging compact objects has opened up a new window to the Universe. Planned third-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as Einstein Telescope will potentially deliver hundreds of such events…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-19 Sarp Akcay , Morgan Fraser , Antonio Martin-Carrillo

Gravitational waves (GWs) are expected to play a crucial role in the development of multimessenger astrophysics. The combination of GW observations with other astrophysical triggers, such as from gamma-ray and X-ray satellites,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-28 Eric Chassande-Mottin , Martin Hendry , Patrick J. Sutton , Szabolcs Márka

Gravitational wave detectors like the Einstein Telescope will be built a few hundred meters under Earth's surface to reduce both direct seismic and Newtonian noise. Underground facilities must be designed to take full advantage of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-24 Florian Amann , Francesca Badaracco , Riccardo DeSalvo , Andrea Paoli , Luca Paoli , Paolo Ruggi , Stefano Selleri

The sensitivity of future gravitational wave (GW) observatories will be limited by thermal noise in a wide frequency band. To reduce thermal noise, the European GW observatory Einstein GW Telescope (ET) is suggested to use crystalline…

We report on the current status of CLIO (Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory), which is a prototype interferometer for LCGT (Large Scale Cryogenic Gravitational-Wave Telescope). LCGT is a Japanese next-generation interferometric…

The solar observatory Einstein Tower (Einsteinturm) at the Telegrafenberg in Potsdam is both a landmark of modern architecture and an important place for solar physics. Originally built for high-resolution spectroscopy and measuring the…

A vacuum compatible cryogenic accelerometer is presented which will reach $<0.5$ p$g$ Hz$^{-1/2}$ sensitivity from 1 mHz to 10 Hz with a maximum sensitivity of 10 f$g$ Hz$^{-1/2}$ around 10 Hz. This figure can be translated to a…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Joris Vincent van Heijningen

The Einstein Telescope is a third-generation underground gravitational wave observatory designed to achieve unprecedented sensitivity down to 3 Hz. Waves propagating in the soil due to anthropogenic or natural vibration sources generate…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Pieter Reumers , Xhorxha Kuci , Stijn François , Geert Degrande

The optical design of the Einstein Telescope (ET) is based on a dual-recycled Michelson interferometer with Fabry-Perot cavities in the arms. ET will be constructed in a new infrastructure, allowing us to consider different technical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-13 Samuel Rowlinson , Artemiy Dmitriev , Aaron Jones , Teng Zhang , Andreas Freise

The quantum noise in gravitational-wave detectors can be suppressed in a broadband by frequency-dependent squeezing. It usually requires one large scale filter cavity and even two, for example in the low frequency detector of Einstein…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-24 Xingrui Peng , Denis Martynov , Zonghong Zhu , Teng Zhang

Einstein Telescope (ET) is a project of third generation gravitational wave (GW) detector with a planned sensitivity 10 times better than current detectors such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. The high rate of GW signals expected in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-13 Adrian Macquet , Tito Dal Canton , Tania Regimbau