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This paper delves into the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), specifically focusing on advancing the theoretical comprehension of chain-of-thought prompting. We investigate how LLMs can be effectively induced to generate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Rasul Tutunov , Antoine Grosnit , Juliusz Ziomek , Jun Wang , Haitham Bou-Ammar

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a surge of financial benchmarks, evolving from static knowledge evaluation toward interactive trading simulations. However, existing frameworks for evaluating real-time…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-28 Wentao Zhang , Mingxuan Zhao , Jincheng Gao , Jieshun You , Huaiyu Jia , Yilei Zhao , Bo An , Shuo Sun

Tool learning enables large language models (LLMs) to interact with external tools and APIs, greatly expanding the application scope of LLMs. However, due to the dynamic nature of external environments, these tools and APIs may become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Guoxin Chen , Zhong Zhang , Xin Cong , Fangda Guo , Yesai Wu , Yankai Lin , Wenzheng Feng , Yasheng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing through their state of art reasoning capabilities. This paper explores the convergence of LLM reasoning techniques and feature generation for machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Dharani Chandra

Language models are increasingly being deployed for general problem solving across a wide range of tasks, but are still confined to token-level, left-to-right decision-making processes during inference. This means they can fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Shunyu Yao , Dian Yu , Jeffrey Zhao , Izhak Shafran , Thomas L. Griffiths , Yuan Cao , Karthik Narasimhan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven highly effective at enhancing the complex reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet underlying mechanisms driving this success remain largely opaque. Our analysis reveals that puzzling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haozhe Wang , Qixin Xu , Che Liu , Junhong Wu , Fangzhen Lin , Wenhu Chen

Human evaluation remains the gold standard for evaluating outputs of Large Language Models (LLMs). The current evaluation paradigm reviews numerous individual responses, leading to significant scalability challenges. LLM outputs can be more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Junhyeong Hwangbo , Soohyun Lee , Minsoo Cheong , Hyeon Jeon , Jinwook Seo

Large Language Models (LLMs) are accelerating scientific idea generation, but rigorously evaluating these numerous, often superficial, AI-generated propositions for novelty and factual accuracy is a critical bottleneck; manual verification…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xin Wang , Jiyao Liu , Yulong Xiao , Junzhi Ning , Lihao Liu , Junjun He , Botian Shi , Kaicheng Yu

t-SNE and hierarchical clustering are popular methods of exploratory data analysis, particularly in biology. Building on recent advances in speeding up t-SNE and obtaining finer-grained structure, we combine the two to create tree-SNE, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Isaac Robinson , Emma Pierce-Hoffman

Modern large language models (LLMs) are powerful generators driven by statistical next-token prediction. While effective at producing fluent text, this design biases models toward high-probability continuations rather than exhaustive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhaoyang Chen , Cody Fleming

Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable abilities in reasoning and planning by breaking down complex problems into sequential steps. Despite their success in various domains like mathematical problem-solving and coding, LLMs face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Chang Ma , Haiteng Zhao , Junlei Zhang , Junxian He , Lingpeng Kong

To evaluate the repository-level code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex real-world software development scenarios, many evaluation methods have been developed. These methods typically leverage contextual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Dewu Zheng , Yanlin Wang , Ensheng Shi , Ruikai Zhang , Yuchi Ma , Hongyu Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Recent advancements in aligning large language models via reinforcement learning have achieved remarkable gains in solving complex reasoning problems, but at the cost of expensive on-policy rollouts and limited exploration of diverse…

We propose Tree Variational Autoencoder (TreeVAE), a new generative hierarchical clustering model that learns a flexible tree-based posterior distribution over latent variables. TreeVAE hierarchically divides samples according to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Laura Manduchi , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Alain Ryser , Julia Vogt

Symbolic indefinite integration in Computer Algebra Systems such as Maple involves selecting the most effective algorithm from multiple available methods. Not all methods will succeed for a given problem, and when several do, the results,…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Rashid Barket , Matthew England , Jürgen Gerhard

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) depends on taxonomies that organize labels into structured hierarchies. However, many real-world taxonomies introduce ambiguities, such as identical leaf names under similar parent nodes, which prevent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jonas Golde , Nicolaas Jedema , Ravi Krishnan , Phong Le

Large language models (LLMs) have shown limitations in tasks requiring complex logical reasoning and multi-step problem-solving. To address these challenges, researchers have employed carefully designed prompts and flowcharts, simulating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Changcheng Li , Xiangyu Wang , Qiuju Chen , Xiren Zhou , Huanhuan Chen

Existing LLM reasoning methods have shown impressive capabilities across various tasks, such as solving math and coding problems. However, applying these methods to scenarios without ground-truth answers or rule-based verification methods -…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Hyunwoo Kim , Melanie Sclar , Tan Zhi-Xuan , Lance Ying , Sydney Levine , Yang Liu , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Yejin Choi

Recently, test-time scaling has garnered significant attention from the research community, largely due to the substantial advancements of the o1 model released by OpenAI. By allocating more computational resources during the inference…

With current state-of-the-art approaches aimed at enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models(LLMs) through iterative preference learning inspired by AlphaZero, we propose to further enhance the step-wise reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huchen Jiang , Yangyang Ma , Chaofan Ding , Kexin Luan , Xinhan Di
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