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To achieve immersive spatial audio rendering on VR/AR devices, high-quality Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) are essential. In general, HRTFs are subject-dependent and position-dependent, and their measurement is time-consuming and…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-17 De Hu , Junsheng Hu , Cuicui Jiang

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) with dense spatial grids are desired for immersive binaural audio generation, but their recording is time-consuming. Although HRTF spatial upsampling has shown remarkable progress with neural fields,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-23 Yoshiki Masuyama , Gordon Wichern , François G. Germain , Christopher Ick , Jonathan Le Roux

Expressing head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) in spherical harmonic (SH) domain has been thoroughly studied as a method of obtaining continuity over space. However, HRTFs are functions not only of direction but also of frequency. This…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Adam Szwajcowski

This study investigates the approach of direction-dependent selection of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) and its impact on sound localization accuracy. For applications such as virtual reality (VR) and teleconferencing, obtaining…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-09 Sapir Goldring , Zamir Ben Hur , David Lou Alon , Boaz Rafaely

Accurate upsampling of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) from sparse measurements is crucial for personalized spatial audio rendering. Traditional interpolation methods, such as kernel-based weighting or basis function expansions,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Xingyu Chen , Hanwen Bi , Fei Ma , Sipei Zhao , Eva Cheng , Ian S. Burnett

Head-related transfer function (HRTF) is an essential component to create an immersive listening experience over headphones for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications. Metaverse combines VR and AR to create immersive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-19 Ee-Leng Tan , Santi Peksi , Woon-Seng Gan

In this work, we propose a robust Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF)-based polynomial beamformer design which accounts for the influence of a humanoid robot's head on the sound field. In addition, it allows for a flexible steering of our…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Hendrik Barfuss , Marcel Mueglich , Walter Kellermann

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) individualization is a key matter in binaural synthesis. However, currently available databases are limited in size compared to the high dimensionality of the data. Hereby, we present the process of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-15 Corentin Guezenoc , Renaud Seguier

Headphone-based spatial audio uses head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to simulate real-world acoustic environments. HRTFs are unique to everyone, due to personal morphology, shaping how sound waves interact with the body before…

This paper proposes an efficient parameterization of the Room Transfer Function (RTF). Typically, the RTF rapidly varies with varying source and receiver positions, hence requires an impractical number of point to point measurements to…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Prasanga Samarasinghe , Thushara Abhayapala , Mark Poletti , Terence Betlehem

Virtual sound synthesis is a technology that allows users to perceive spatial sound through headphones or earphones. However, accurate virtual sound requires an individual head-related transfer function (HRTF), which can be difficult to…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Tatsuki Kobayashi , Yoshiko Maruyama , Isao Nambu , Shohei Yano , Yasuhiro Wada

In this work, a recently proposed Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF)-based Robust Least-Squares Frequency-Invariant (RLSFI) beamformer design is analyzed with respect to its robustness against localization errors, which lead to a…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Hendrik Barfuss , Walter Kellermann

The objective of Audio Augmented Reality (AAR) applications are to seamlessly integrate virtual sound sources within a real environment. It is critical for these applications that virtual sources are localised precisely at the intended…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-13 Vincent Martin , Lorenzo Picinali

In this work, we propose a two-dimensional Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF)-based robust beamformer design for robot audition, which allows for explicit control of the beamformer response for the entire three-dimensional sound field…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Hendrik Barfuss , Michael Buerger , Jasper Podschus , Walter Kellermann

Individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are essential for accurate spatial audio binaural rendering but remain difficult to obtain due to measurement complexity. This study investigates whether photogrammetry-reconstructed (PR)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-26 Ludovic Pirard , Lorenzo Picinali , Katarina C. Poole

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are essential for virtual acoustic realities, as they contain all cues for localizing sound sources in three-dimensional space. Acoustic measurements are one way to obtain high-quality HRTFs. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-25 Johannes M. Arend , Christoph Pörschmann , Stefan Weinzierl , Fabian Brinkmann

In room acoustic environments, the Relative Transfer Functions (RTFs) are controlled by few underlying modes of variability. Accordingly, they are confined to a low-dimensional manifold. In this letter, we investigate a RTF inverse…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Ziteng Wang , Emmanuel Vincent , Yonghong Yan

Traditional Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) acquisition methods rely on specialised equipment and acoustic expertise, posing accessibility challenges. Alternatively, high-resolution 3D modelling offers a pathway to numerically…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Ludovic Pirard , Katarina C. Poole , Lorenzo Picinali

A new database of head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) for accurate sound source localization is presented through precise measurement and post-processing in terms of improved frequency bandwidth and causality of head-related impulse…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-07 Gyeong-Tae Lee , Sang-Min Choi , Byeong-Yun Ko , Yong-Hwa Park

Head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are important for immersive audio, and their spatial interpolation has been studied to upsample finite measurements. Recently, neural fields (NFs) which map from sound source direction to HRTF have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-29 Yoshiki Masuyama , Gordon Wichern , François G. Germain , Zexu Pan , Sameer Khurana , Chiori Hori , Jonathan Le Roux