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OFDM is widely adopted in modern wireless communication systems, but its power efficiency is limited by high envelope fluctuations. Although various high power-efficiency waveforms have been proposed, most are incompatible with the CP-OFDMA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Yiming Zhu , Zhuhong Zhu , Xiaodong Xu , Hongwei Hou , Wenjin Wang , Rui Ding

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is increasingly expected to operate under aggressive spectrum reuse, where co-channel orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) interference can be catastrophic for data recovery on the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Henglin Pu , Ahmad Musallam , Husheng Li , Lajos Hanzo

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is regarded as the enabling technology in the future 5th-Generation-Advanced (5G-A) and 6th-Generation (6G) mobile communication system. ISAC waveform design is critical in ISAC system. However,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zhiqing Wei , Jinghui Piao , Xin Yuan , Huici Wu , J. Andrew Zhang , Zhiyong Feng , Lin Wang , Ping Zhang

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is expected to be one of the major features of 6G wireless networks. In an ISAC system, communications and sensing functionalities are jointly performed using the same waveform, frequency band and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Homa Nikbakht , Husheng Li , Zhu Han , H. Vincent Poor

In the evolution towards the forthcoming era of sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems characterized by ubiquitous intelligence, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is in a phase of burgeoning development. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-17 Haotian Liu , Zhiqing Wei , Jinghui Piao , Huici Wu , Xingwang Li , Zhiyong Feng

This paper proposes an $\alpha$-fair multistatic integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) framework for multi-user multi-input multi-output (MIMO)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, where communication users act…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hyeonho Noh , Jonggyu Jang

Next-generation vehicular networks are expected to provide the capability of robust environmental sensing in addition to reliable communications to meet intelligence requirements. A promising solution is the integrated sensing and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Weijie Yuan , Lin Zhou , Saeid K. Dehkordi , Shuangyang Li , Pingzhi Fan , Giuseppe Caire , H. Vincent Poor

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising paradigm for future wireless systems due to spectrum reuse, hardware sharing, and joint waveform design. In dynamic scenes, Doppler shifts degrade both sensing and communication,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Yuan Liu , Wen-Xuan Long , M. R. Bhavani Shankar , Marco Moretti , Rui Chen , Björn Ottersten

Discrete affine Fourier transform spread affine frequency division multiplexing (DAFT-s-AFDM) is a promising waveform for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) due to its low peak-to-average power ratio, robustness to Doppler shifts,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Shiqi Cui , Tianqi Mao , Fan Zhang , Zeping Sui , Christos Masouros , Zhaocheng Wang

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) will greatly enhance the efficiency of physical resource utilization. The design of ISAC signal based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signal is the mainstream. However, when…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-14 Lin Wang , Zhiqing Wei , Liyan Su , Zhiyong Feng , Huici Wu , Dongsheng Xue

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a novel capability expected for sixth generation (6G) cellular networks. To that end, several challenges must be addressed to enable both mono- and bistatic sensing in existing deployments. A…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-22 Lucas Giroto de Oliveira , Yueheng Li , Benedikt Geiger , Laurent Schmalen , Thomas Zwick , Benjamin Nuss

Low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expected to play an important role for low-altitude economy with a wide range of applications like precise agriculture, aerial delivery and surveillance. Integrated sensing and communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Zhiwen Zhou , Yong Zeng , Chunguo Li , Fei Yang , Yan Chen , Jingon Joung

According to the recent 3GPP decisions on 6G air interface, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveforms are the primary candidates for future integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems. In this paper, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Jialiang Zhu , Hamza Haif , Abdelali Arous , Huseyin Arslan , Arman Farhang

This paper investigates the sensing potential of affine frequency division multiplexing (AFDM) in high-mobility integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) from the perspective of radar waveforms. We introduce an innovative parameter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Jiajun Zhu , Yanqun Tang , Cong Yi , Haoran Yin , Yuanhan Ni , Fan Liu , Zhiqiang Wei , Huseyin Arslan

Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) is a promising alternative to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for high-mobility communications. We propose a novel multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) integrated sensing and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-13 Musa Furkan Keskin , Carina Marcus , Olof Eriksson , Alex Alvarado , Joerg Widmer , Henk Wymeersch

In this paper, the waveform design for 6G integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems is investigated, with a particular focus on the practical limitations imposed by imperfect full-duplex radios. Under such imperfections,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Ning Wei , Aimin Tang , Yin Xu , Wenze Qu

This paper considers a multi-functional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with integrated sensing, communication, and powering (ISCAP), in which a multi-antenna base station (BS) transmits OFDM signals to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-27 Yilong Chen , Chao Hu , Zixiang Ren , Han Hu , Jie Xu , Lexi Xu , Lei Liu , Shuguang Cui

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) techniques can leverage existing, wide-coverage communication networks to perform sensing tasks, enabling large-scale and low-cost target sensing. However, the inherent randomness of communication…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Kaitao Meng , Kawon Han , Christos Masouros , Fan Liu

In the context of communication-centric integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform was proven to be optimal in minimizing ranging sidelobes when random signaling is used. A…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-06 Karim A. Said , Ibraheem Alturki , Husheng Li , Elizabeth Bentley , Lingjia Liu

This paper aims to answer a fundamental question in the area of Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC): What is the optimal communication-centric ISAC waveform for ranging? Towards that end, we first established a generic framework to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Fan Liu , Ying Zhang , Yifeng Xiong , Shuangyang Li , Weijie Yuan , Feifei Gao , Shi Jin , Giuseppe Caire