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In previous work, we have shown that pseudocodewords can be used to characterize the behavior of decoders not only for classical codes but also for quantum stabilizer codes. With the insights obtained from this pseudocodewords-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 July X. Li , Joseph M. Renes , Pascal O. Vontobel

Although qubit coherence times and gate fidelities are continuously improving, logical encoding is essential to achieve fault tolerance in quantum computing. In most encoding schemes, correcting or tracking errors throughout the computation…

The use of quantum computation for wireless network applications is emerging as a promising paradigm to bridge the performance gap between in-practice and optimal wireless algorithms. While today's quantum technology offers limited number…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Srikar Kasi , John Kaewell , Shahab Hamidi-Rad , Kyle Jamieson

An efficient decoder is essential for quantum error correction, and data-driven neural decoders have emerged as promising, flexible solutions. Here, we introduce a diffusion model framework to infer logical errors from syndrome measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Zejun Liu , Anqi Gong , Bryan K. Clark

Quantum error correction is a critical technique for transitioning from noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices to fully fledged quantum computers. The surface code, which has a high threshold error rate, is the leading quantum…

Quantum bits have technological imperfections. Additionally, the capacity of a component that can be implemented feasibly is limited. Therefore, distributed quantum computation is required to scale up quantum computers. This dissertation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-11 Shota Nagayama

We present a scalable architecture for fault-tolerant topological quantum computation using networks of voltage-controlled Majorana Cooper pair boxes, and topological color codes for error correction. Color codes have a set of transversal…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-25 Daniel Litinski , Markus S. Kesselring , Jens Eisert , Felix von Oppen

Biased-noise qubits, in which one type of error (e.g. $X$- and $Y$-type errors) is significantly suppressed relative to the other (e.g. $Z$-type errors), can significantly reduce the overhead of quantum error correction. Codes such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Peter Shanahan , Diego Ruiz

We present a comprehensive and self-contained simplified review of the quantum computing scheme of Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 190504 (2007), which features a 2-D nearest neighbor coupled lattice of qubits, a threshold error rate approaching 1%,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Austin G. Fowler , Ashley M. Stephens , Peter Groszkowski

Universal fault-tolerant quantum computation will require real-time decoding algorithms capable of quickly extracting logical outcomes from the stream of data generated by noisy quantum hardware. We propose modular decoding, an approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-10 Héctor Bombín , Chris Dawson , Ye-Hua Liu , Naomi Nickerson , Fernando Pastawski , Sam Roberts

Real-time decoding of quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for enabling fault-tolerant quantum computation. A practical decoder must operate with high accuracy at low latency, while remaining robust to spatial and temporal variations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Samuel Stein , Shuwen Kan , Chenxu Liu , Adrian Harkness , Sean Garner , Zefan Du , Yufei Ding , Ying Mao , Ang Li

A major challenge in practical quantum computation is the ineludible errors caused by the interaction of quantum systems with their environment. Fault-tolerant schemes, in which logical qubits are encoded by several physical qubits, enable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-17 Kai Sun , Jin-Shi Xu , Xiao-Ye Xu , Yong-Jian Han , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Generation of logical zero states encoded with a quantum error-correcting code is the first step for fault-tolerant quantum computation, but requires considerably large resource overheads in general. To reduce such overheads, we propose an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Hayato Goto , Yinghao Ho , Taro Kanao

Quantum computation of vibrational properties of molecules is a promising platform to obtain computational advantages for computational chemistry. However, fault-tolerant quantum computations of vibrational properties remain a relatively…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for scalable and reliable quantum computing, but existing solutions, such as surface codes, incur significant qubit overhead. Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes have recently emerged as…

Qudits can be described by a state vector in a $q$-dimensional Hilbert space, enabling a more extensive encoding and manipulation of information compared to qubits. This implies that conducting fault-tolerant quantum computations using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 James Keppens , Quinten Eggerickx , Vukan Levajac , George Simion , Bart Sorée

In classical computing, error-correcting codes are well established and are ubiquitous both in theory and practical applications. For quantum computing, error-correction is essential as well, but harder to realize, coming along with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-30 Lucas Berent , Lukas Burgholzer , Peter-Jan H. S. Derks , Jens Eisert , Robert Wille

With the rapid developments in quantum hardware comes a push towards the first practical applications on these devices. While fully fault-tolerant quantum computers may still be years away, one may ask if there exist intermediate forms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Jarrod R. McClean , Zhang Jiang , Nicholas C. Rubin , Ryan Babbush , Hartmut Neven

Phases of matter with volume-law entanglement are frequently observed in quantum circuits and have numerous applications, ranging from deepening our understanding of quantum mechanics to advancements in quantum computing and cryptography.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Dawid Paszko , Marcin Szyniszewski , Arijeet Pal

Twists are defects that are used to encode and process quantum information in topological codes like surface and color codes. Color codes can host three basic types of twists viz., charge-permuting, color-permuting and domino twists. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Manoj G. Gowda