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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, in which an adversary inserts malicious documents containing carefully crafted injected prompts into the knowledge database. When a user issues a question…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Weifei Jin , Xilong Wang , Wei Zou , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Gong

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks-based recommender systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, where attackers can inject carefully crafted fake user profiles (i.e., a set of items that fake users have interacted with)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Jingfan Chen , Wenqi Fan , Guanghui Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao , Chunfeng Yuan , Qing Li , Yihua Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, widely used to improve the factual grounding of large language models (LLMs), are increasingly vulnerable to poisoning attacks, where adversaries inject manipulated content into the retriever's…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Liuji Chen , Xiaofang Yang , Yuanzhuo Lu , Jinghao Zhang , Xin Sun , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Jing Dong , Liang Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, which integrate Large Language Models (LLMs) with external knowledge sources, are vulnerable to a range of adversarial attack vectors. This paper examines the importance of RAG systems through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chris M. Ward , Josh Harguess

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of recommender systems to data poisoning attacks, where adversaries inject carefully crafted fake user interactions into the training data of recommenders to promote target items. Current…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Yunfan Wu , Qi Cao , Shuchang Tao , Kaike Zhang , Fei Sun , Huawei Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have shown improved performance in generating accurate responses. However, the dependence on external knowledge bases introduces potential security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhiyuan Chang , Mingyang Li , Xiaojun Jia , Junjie Wang , Yuekai Huang , Ziyou Jiang , Yang Liu , Qing Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to augment large language models with external knowledge retrieval to improve reliability and generalization. However, recent studies have shown that RAG systems remain vulnerable to data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Xingyu Lyu , Jianfeng He , Ning Wang , Yidan Hu , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Shixiong Li , Yimin Chen

Can machine learning models for recommendation be easily fooled? While the question has been answered for hand-engineered fake user profiles, it has not been explored for machine learned adversarial attacks. This paper attempts to close…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Konstantina Christakopoulou , Arindam Banerjee

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models (LLMs) still generate vulnerable code. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has the potential to enhance LLMs for secure code generation by incorporating external security knowledge. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiahao Shi , Tianyi Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has proven effective in mitigating hallucinations in large language models by incorporating external knowledge during inference. However, this integration introduces new security vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Baolei Zhang , Haoran Xin , Jiatong Li , Dongzhe Zhang , Minghong Fang , Zhuqing Liu , Lihai Nie , Zheli Liu

Code generation has emerged as a pivotal capability of Large Language Models(LLMs), revolutionizing development efficiency for programmers of all skill levels. However, the complexity of data structures and algorithmic logic often results…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Kai Ye , Liangcai Su , Chenxiong Qian

Text-aware recommender systems incorporate rich textual features, such as titles and descriptions, to generate item recommendations for users. The use of textual features helps mitigate cold-start problems, and thus, such recommender…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Sejoon Oh , Gaurav Verma , Srijan Kumar

With the recent advances in Reinforcement Learning (RL), there have been tremendous interests in employing RL for recommender systems. However, directly training and evaluating a new RL-based recommendation algorithm needs to collect users'…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Xiangyu Zhao , Long Xia , Lixin Zou , Dawei Yin , Jiliang Tang

Automated code review comment generation (RCG) aims to assist developers by automatically producing natural language feedback for code changes. Existing approaches are primarily either generation-based, using pretrained language models, or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Hyunsun Hong , Jongmoon Baik

Nowadays, collaborative filtering recommender systems have been widely deployed in many commercial companies to make profit. Neighbourhood-based collaborative filtering is common and effective. To date, despite its effectiveness, there has…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Liang Chen , Yangjun Xu , Fenfang Xie , Min Huang , Zibin Zheng

Connecting conversation with external domain knowledge is vital for conversational recommender systems (CRS) to correctly understand user preferences. However, existing solutions either require domain-specific engineering, which limits…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Dayu Yang , Hui Fang

While large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in providing trustworthy responses for knowledge-intensive tasks, they still face critical limitations such as hallucinations and outdated knowledge. To address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zizhong Li , Haopeng Zhang , Jiawei Zhang

Recommender systems play an important role in modern information and e-commerce applications. While increasing research is dedicated to improving the relevance and diversity of the recommendations, the potential risks of state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Jiaxi Tang , Hongyi Wen , Ke Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various cybersecurity tasks, including vulnerability classification, detection, and patching. However, their potential in automated vulnerability report…

In the past few years, consumer review sites have become the main target of deceptive opinion spam, where fictitious opinions or reviews are deliberately written to sound authentic. Most of the existing work to detect the deceptive reviews…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Hojjat Aghakhani , Aravind Machiry , Shirin Nilizadeh , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna