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Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, central to operation research and theoretical computer science, present significant computational challenges due to their NP-hard nature. While large language models (LLMs) have emerged as promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xijun Li , Jiexiang Yang , Jinghao Wang , Bo Peng , Jianguo Yao , Haibing Guan

Recent advancements in Large Language Models have sparked interest in their potential for robotic task planning. While these models demonstrate strong generative capabilities, their effectiveness in producing structured and executable plans…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Kai Goebel , Patrik Zips

Tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in tackling a broad range of tasks. However, existing methods are mainly restricted to specifically designed tools and fail to fulfill complex instructions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Yifan Song , Weimin Xiong , Dawei Zhu , Wenhao Wu , Han Qian , Mingbo Song , Hailiang Huang , Cheng Li , Ke Wang , Rong Yao , Ye Tian , Sujian Li

Large language model (LLM) agents have exhibited strong problem-solving competence across domains like research and coding. Yet, it remains underexplored whether LLM agents can tackle compounding real-world problems that require a diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hanwen Xu , Xuyao Huang , Yuzhe Liu , Kai Yu , Zhijie Deng

The presence of Long Distance Dependencies (LDDs) in sequential data poses significant challenges for computational models. Various recurrent neural architectures have been designed to mitigate this issue. In order to test these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Abhijit Mahalunkar , John D. Kelleher

The job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) remains a significant hurdle in optimizing production processes. This challenge involves efficiently allocating jobs to a limited number of machines while minimizing factors like total processing time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Henrik Abgaryan , Ararat Harutyunyan , Tristan Cazenave

Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) systems have become indispensable for modern manufacturing operations, enabling optimized resource allocation and production efficiency in increasingly complex and dynamic environments. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Yu-Zhe Shi , Qiao Xu , Yanjia Li , Mingchen Liu , Huamin Qu , Lecheng Ruan , Qining Wang

This paper focuses on the analysis of real-time non preemptive multiprocessor scheduling with precedence and several latency constraints. It aims to specify a schedulability condition which enables a designer to check a priori -without…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2013-01-22 Omar Kermia

The organization of latent knowledge within large-scale models poses unique challenges when addressing overlapping representations and optimizing contextual accuracy. Conceptual redundancies embedded across layers often result in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Joseph Sakau , Evander Kozlowski , Roderick Thistledown , Basil Steinberger

With the increasing use of large language models (LLMs), ensuring reliable performance in diverse, real-world environments is essential. Despite their remarkable achievements, LLMs often struggle with adversarial inputs, significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities across various real-world applications. However, due to the current text-in-text-out paradigm, it remains challenging for LLMs to handle dynamic and complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Timothy Wei , Annabelle Miin , Anastasia Miin

Dataless neural networks represent a paradigm shift in applying neural architectures to combinatorial optimization problems, eliminating the need for training datasets by encoding problem instances directly into network parameters. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Marc Bara

The remarkable reasoning and generalization capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have paved the way for their expanding applications in embodied AI, robotics, and other real-world tasks. To effectively support these applications,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Dongil Yang , Minjin Kim , Sunghwan Kim , Beong-woo Kwak , Minjun Park , Jinseok Hong , Woontack Woo , Jinyoung Yeo

Current evaluations of Large Language Model (LLM) agents primarily emphasize task completion, often overlooking resource efficiency and adaptability. This neglects a crucial capability: agents' ability to devise and adjust cost-optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiayu Liu , Cheng Qian , Zhaochen Su , Qing Zong , Shijue Huang , Bingxiang He , Yi R. Fung

Dynamic programming (DP) is a fundamental method in operations research, but formulating DP models has traditionally required expert knowledge of both the problem context and DP techniques. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer the potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Chenyu Zhou , Jingyuan Yang , Linwei Xin , Yitian Chen , Ziyan He , Dongdong Ge

Benchmarking is crucial for testing and validating any system, even more so in real-time systems. Typical real-time applications adhere to well-understood abstractions: they exhibit a periodic behavior, operate on a well-defined working…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mattia Nicolella , Shahin Roozkhosh , Denis Hoornaert , Andrea Bastoni , Renato Mancuso

Recent research has explored the constrained generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) when explicitly prompted by few task-specific requirements. In contrast, we introduce Large-Scale Constraint Generation (LSCG), a new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Matteo Boffa , Jiaxuan You

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language tasks, and recent efforts have sought to extend their capabilities to multimodal domains and resource-constrained environments. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yun-Da Tsai

The recent development and success of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitate an evaluation of their performance across diverse NLP tasks in different languages. Although several frameworks have been developed and made publicly available,…

Enhancing the ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow complex instructions is critical for their deployment in real-world applications. However, existing evaluation methods often oversimplify instruction complexity as a mere…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiaona Xue , Yiqiao Huang , Jiacheng Li , Yuanhang Zheng , Huiqi Miao , Yunfei Ma , Rui Liu , Xinbao Sun , Minglu Liu , Fanyu Meng , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng