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Given a knot $K$ in $S^3$, a question raised by Cappell and Shaneson asks if the meridional rank of $K$ equals the bridge number of $K$. Using augmentations in knot contact homology we consider the persistence of equality between these two…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-08-19 Christopher R. Cornwell , David R. Hemminger

We explore the topological significance of the Gukov-Manolescu knot series $F_K$. We show that the leading coefficient of $F_K$ is a monomial and express its exponent in terms of the Hopf invariant for all homogeneous braid knots, and for…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Paul Orland , Lara San Martín Suárez , Toby Saunders-A'Court , Josef Svoboda

In [14], the second named author constructed the bracket invariant [.] of virtual knots valued in pictures (linear combinations of virtual knot diagrams with some crossing information omitted), such that for many diagrams K, the following…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-01-24 Denis P. Ilyutko , Vassily O. Manturov

Construction of representations of braid group generators from $N$-state vertex models provide an elegant route to study knot and link invariants. Using such a braid group representation, an algebraic formula for the link invariants was put…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-11 Saswati Dhara , Romesh K. Kaul , P. Ramadevi , Vivek Kumar Singh

The number $|K|$ of non-isotopic framed knots that correspond to a given unframed knot $K\subset S^3$ is infinite. This follows from the existence of the self-linking number $\slk$ of a zerohomologous framed knot. We use the approach of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Chernov

This work identifies the Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant of links in terms of a trace map on factorization homology. In particular, to recover the knot invariants associated to Chern-Simons theories, we construct a filtered…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Kevin Costello , John Francis , Owen Gwilliam

We give a rational surgery formula for the Casson-Walker invariant of a 2-component link in $S^{3}$ which is a generalization of Matveev-Polyak's formula. As application, we give more examples of non-hyperbolic L-space $M$ such that knots…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Tetsuya Ito

We extend knot contact homology to a theory over the ring $\mathbb{Z}[\lambda^{\pm 1},\mu^{\pm 1}]$, with the invariant given topologically and combinatorially. The improved invariant, which is defined for framed knots in $S^3$ and can be…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-06-11 Lenhard Ng

We review the Reshetikhin-Turaev approach to construction of non-compact knot invariants involving R-matrices associated with infinite-dimensional representations, primarily those made from Faddeev's quantum dilogarithm. The corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-02 D. Galakhov , A. Mironov , A. Morozov

We show that embedding calculus invariants $ev_n$ are surjective for long knots in an arbitrary $3$-manifold. This solves some remaining open cases of Goodwillie--Klein--Weiss connectivity estimates, and at the same time confirms one half…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Danica Kosanović

The $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-equivariant Heegaard Floer cohomlogy $\widehat{HF}_{\mathbb{Z}_{2}}(\Sigma(K))$ of a knot $K$ in $S^{3}$, constructed by Hendricks, Lipshitz, and Sarkar, is an isotopy invariant which is defined using bridge diagrams of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-10-05 Sungkyung Kang

Let $M$ be a connected, closed, oriented three-manifold and $K$, $L$ two rationally null-homologous oriented simple closed curves in $M$. We give an explicit algorithm for computing the linking number between $K$ and $L$ in terms of a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-09 Patricia Cahn , Alexandra Kjuchukova

We present an elementary introduction to one of the most important today knot theory approaches, which gives rise to a representation for a class of knot polynomials in terms of quantum groups. Historically, the approach was at the same…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Anokhina

Let $\phi : S^1\times D^2\to S^1$ be the natural projection. An oriented knot $K\hookrightarrow V = S^1\times D^2$ is called an almost closed braid if the restriction of $\phi$ to K has exactly two (non-degenerate) critical points (and K is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas Fiedler

We analyze different aspects of neural network predictions of knot invariants. First, we investigate the impact of different knot representations on the prediction of invariants and find that braid representations work in general the best.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-02-19 Audrey Lindsay , Fabian Ruehle

The aim of this paper is to introduce a polynomial invariant $f_K(t)$ for virtual knots. We show that $f_K(t)$ can be used to distinguish some virtual knot from its inverse and mirror image. The behavior of $f_K(t)$ under connected sum is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-02-20 Zhiyun Cheng

We generalize Ng's two-variable algebraic/combinatorial $0$-th framed knot contact homology for framed oriented knots in $S^3$ to knots in $S^1 \times S^2$, and prove that the resulting knot invariant is the same as the framed cord algebra…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2016-07-01 Shawn X. Cui , Zhenghan Wang

In view of the self-linking invariant, the number $|K|$ of framed knots in $S^3$ with given underlying knot $K$ is infinite. In fact, the second author previously defined affine self-linking invariants and used them to show that $|K|$ is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-04-24 Patricia Cahn , Vladimir Chernov , Rustam Sadykov

In the first part of this paper, we constructed a filtered U(r)-equivariant stable homotopy type called the spectrum of strict broken symmetries sB(L) of links L given by closing a braid with r strands. We further showed that evaluating…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Nitu Kitchloo

In this paper, we extend the definition of the $SL_2(\Bbb C)$ Casson invariant to arbitrary knots $K$ in integral homology 3-spheres and relate it to the $m$-degree of the $\widehat{A}$-polynomial of $K$. We prove a product formula for the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-07-14 Hans U. Boden , Cynthia L. Curtis