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Denoising diffusion models have evolved into a state-of-the-art method for tasks in various fields, such as denoising and generation of images, text generation, or generation of synthetic data for training of other machine learning models.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Simon Bienewald , Lukas Trottner

Conditional diffusion models have shown remarkable performance in various generative tasks, but training them requires large-scale datasets that often contain noise in conditional inputs, a.k.a. noisy labels. This noise leads to condition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Byeonghu Na , Yeongmin Kim , HeeSun Bae , Jung Hyun Lee , Se Jung Kwon , Wanmo Kang , Il-Chul Moon

We propose a spin-motion state for high-precision quantum metrology with super-Heisenberg scaling of the parameter estimation uncertainty using a trapped ion system. Such a highly entangled state can be created using the Tavis-Cummings…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Venelin P. Pavlov , Peter A. Ivanov

Seismic imaging from sparsely acquired data faces challenges such as low image quality, discontinuities, and migration swing artifacts. Existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods struggle with complex feature distributions…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-08-01 Xingchen Shi , Shijun Cheng , Weijian Mao , Wei Ouyang

This book presents the core principles that have guided the development of diffusion models, tracing their origins and showing how diverse formulations arise from shared mathematical ideas. Diffusion modeling starts by defining a forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yang Song , Dongjun Kim , Yuki Mitsufuji , Stefano Ermon

We analyze the effect of synchronization on distributed stochastic gradient algorithms. By exploiting an analogy with dynamical models of biological quorum sensing - where synchronization between agents is induced through communication with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-18 Nicholas M. Boffi , Jean-Jacques E. Slotine

Diffusion models have made rapid progress in generating high-quality samples across various domains. However, a theoretical understanding of the Lipschitz continuity and second momentum properties of the diffusion process is still lacking.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Yufa Zhou

Diffusion probabilistic models have achieved remarkable success in generative tasks across diverse data types. While recent studies have explored alternative degradation processes beyond Gaussian noise, this paper bridges two key diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Hao-Chien Hsueh , Chi-En Yen , Wen-Hsiao Peng , Ching-Chun Huang

Practical diffusion sampling is a numerical approximation problem: under a fixed inference budget, one must simulate a reverse-time ODE or SDE using only a limited number of denoising steps, so discretization error is often the dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Samuel Hurault , Thomas Moreau , Gabriel Peyré

Generative diffusion processes are an emerging and effective tool for image and speech generation. In the existing methods, the underline noise distribution of the diffusion process is Gaussian noise. However, fitting distributions with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Eliya Nachmani , Robin San Roman , Lior Wolf

Lossy gradient compression, with either unbiased or biased compressors, has become a key tool to avoid the communication bottleneck in centrally coordinated distributed training of machine learning models. We analyze the performance of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Sebastian U. Stich

Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have emerged as one of the most promising paradigms for generative modeling over discrete domains. It is known that MDMs effectively train to decode tokens in a random order, and that this ordering has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Prateek Garg , Bhavya Kohli , Sunita Sarawagi

Generative models realized with machine learning techniques are powerful tools to infer complex and unknown data distributions from a finite number of training samples in order to produce new synthetic data. Diffusion models are an emerging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-18 Marco Parigi , Stefano Martina , Filippo Caruso

We present a Bayesian non-parametric way of inferring stochastic differential equations for both regression tasks and continuous-time dynamical modelling. The work has high emphasis on the stochastic part of the differential equation, also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-29 Martin Jørgensen , Marc Peter Deisenroth , Hugh Salimbeni

Denoising diffusion models have spurred significant gains in density modeling and image generation, precipitating an industrial revolution in text-guided AI art generation. We introduce a new mathematical foundation for diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Xianghao Kong , Rob Brekelmans , Greg Ver Steeg

Existing music generation models are mostly language-based, neglecting the frequency continuity property of notes, resulting in inadequate fitting of rare or never-used notes and thus reducing the diversity of generated samples. We argue…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shipei Liu , Xiaoya Fan , Guowei Wu

The continuous monitoring of driven-dissipative systems offers new avenues for quantum advantage in metrology. This approach mixes temporal and spatial correlations in a manner distinct from traditional metrology, leading to ambiguities in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Gideon Lee , Ron Belyansky , Liang Jiang , Aashish A. Clerk

Diffusion models create data from noise by inverting the forward paths of data towards noise and have emerged as a powerful generative modeling technique for high-dimensional, perceptual data such as images and videos. Rectified flow is a…

Recent diffusion-based generative models achieve remarkable results by training on massive datasets, yet this practice raises concerns about memorization and copyright infringement. A proposed remedy is to train exclusively on noisy data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Haoye Lu , Qifan Wu , Yaoliang Yu

Machine learning methods, such as diffusion models, are widely explored as a promising way to accelerate high-fidelity fluid dynamics computation via a super-resolution process from faster-to-compute low-fidelity input. However, existing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ruoyan Li , Zijie Huang , Haixin Wang , Guancheng Wan , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang
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