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Cross-lingual word embeddings (CLEs) enable multilingual modeling of meaning and facilitate cross-lingual transfer of NLP models. Despite their ubiquitous usage in downstream tasks, recent increasingly popular projection-based CLE models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Goran Glavas , Robert Litschko , Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulic

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly designed with English as the primary language, and even the few that are multilingual tend to exhibit strong English-centric biases. Much like speakers who might produce awkward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yanzhu Guo , Simone Conia , Zelin Zhou , Min Li , Saloni Potdar , Henry Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are acquiring a wider range of capabilities, including understanding and responding in multiple languages. While they undergo safety training to prevent them from answering illegal questions, imbalances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Likai Tang , Niruth Bogahawatta , Yasod Ginige , Jiarui Xu , Shixuan Sun , Surangika Ranathunga , Suranga Seneviratne

Code-switching is the use of more than one language in the same conversation or utterance. Recently, multilingual contextual embedding models, trained on multiple monolingual corpora, have shown promising results on cross-lingual and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Simran Khanuja , Sandipan Dandapat , Anirudh Srinivasan , Sunayana Sitaram , Monojit Choudhury

Previous research has shown that LLMs have potential in multilingual NLG evaluation tasks. However, existing research has not fully explored the differences in the evaluation capabilities of LLMs across different languages. To this end,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jiayi Chang , Mingqi Gao , Xinyu Hu , Xiaojun Wan

In our era of widespread false information, human fact-checkers often face the challenge of duplicating efforts when verifying claims that may have already been addressed in other countries or languages. As false information transcends…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Ivan Vykopal , Matúš Pikuliak , Simon Ostermann , Tatiana Anikina , Michal Gregor , Marián Šimko

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable cross-lingual abilities, yet often exhibit a systematic bias toward the representations from other languages, resulting in semantic interference when generating content in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ilia Badanin , Daniil Dzenhaliou , Imanol Schlag

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance across software engineering tasks, from code generation to translation. However, we identify and systematically evaluate a critical failure mode: Programming Language…

Large Language Models (LLMs) still struggle with complex logical reasoning. While previous works achieve remarkable improvements, their performance is highly dependent on the correctness of translating natural language (NL) problems into a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiangyu Wang , Haocheng Yang , Fengxiang Cheng , Fenrong Liu

Although recent Massively Multilingual Language Models (MMLMs) like mBERT and XLMR support around 100 languages, most existing multilingual NLP benchmarks provide evaluation data in only a handful of these languages with little linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Kabir Ahuja , Sandipan Dandapat , Sunayana Sitaram , Monojit Choudhury

Consistency is a key requirement of high-quality translation. It is especially important to adhere to pre-approved terminology and adapt to corrected translations in domain-specific projects. Machine translation (MT) has achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Yasmin Moslem , Rejwanul Haque , John D. Kelleher , Andy Way

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with cross-lingual tasks due to data imbalances between high-resource and low-resource languages, as well as monolingual bias in pre-training. Existing methods, such as bilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Weihua Zheng , Chang Liu , Zhengyuan Liu , Xin Huang , Kui Wu , Muhammad Huzaifah Md Shahrin , Aiti Aw , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, particularly in multilingual contexts. While recent studies suggest that LLMs can transfer skills learned in one language to others, the internal mechanisms behind this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hongchuan Zeng , Senyu Han , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, recent studies have revealed their struggle for code translation. This is because they haven't been extensively pre-trained with parallel multilingual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Qingxiao Tao , Tingrui Yu , Xiaodong Gu , Beijun Shen

Software engineers working with the same programming language (PL) may speak different natural languages (NLs) and vice versa, erecting huge barriers to communication and working efficiency. Recent studies have demonstrated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yekun Chai , Shuohuan Wang , Chao Pang , Yu Sun , Hao Tian , Hua Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit strong reasoning abilities, often attributed to their capacity to generate chain-of-thought-style intermediate reasoning. Recent work suggests that exposure to code can further enhance these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lukas Twist , Shu Yang , Hanqi Yan , Jingzhi Gong , Di Wang , Helen Yannakoudakis , Jie M. Zhang

Creating programs to correctly manipulate data is a difficult task, as the underlying programming languages and APIs can be challenging to learn for many users who are not skilled programmers. Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate…

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for automated code repair but often struggle with the complex semantic and structural correctness required. We present SynthFix, a hybrid neural-symbolic framework that improves LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yifan Zhang , Jieyu Li , Kexin Pei , Yu Huang , Kevin Leach

Research on the 'cultural alignment' of Large Language Models (LLMs) has emerged in response to growing interest in understanding representation across diverse stakeholders. Current approaches to evaluating cultural alignment through…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Ariba Khan , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell
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