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Sign Languages are rich multi-channel languages, requiring articulation of both manual (hands) and non-manual (face and body) features in a precise, intricate manner. Sign Language Production (SLP), the automatic translation from spoken to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

End-to-end automatic speech recognition often degrades on domain-specific data due to scarce in-domain resources. We propose a synthetic-data-based domain adaptation framework with two contributions: (1) a large language model (LLM)-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Natsuo Yamashita , Koichi Nagatsuka , Hiroaki Kokubo , Kota Dohi , Tuan Vu Ho

Sign Language Production (SLP) is the process of converting the complex input text into a real video. Most previous works focused on the Text2Gloss, Gloss2Pose, Pose2Vid stages, and some concentrated on Prompt2Gloss and Text2Avatar stages.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sen Fang , Yalin Feng , Hongbin Zhong , Yanxin Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

As large language models (LLMs) advance, their ability to perform in-context learning and few-shot language generation has improved significantly. This has spurred using LLMs to produce high-quality synthetic data to enhance the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jiyuan Ren , Zhaocheng Du , Zhihao Wen , Qinglin Jia , Sunhao Dai , Chuhan Wu , Zhenhua Dong

Within the evolving landscape of deep learning, the dilemma of data quantity and quality has been a long-standing problem. The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a data-centric solution to alleviate the limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lin Long , Rui Wang , Ruixuan Xiao , Junbo Zhao , Xiao Ding , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

Sign languages are visual languages, with vocabularies as rich as their spoken language counterparts. However, current deep-learning based Sign Language Production (SLP) models produce under-articulated skeleton pose sequences from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden

In this paper, we demonstrate how a generative model can be used to build a better recognizer through the control of content and style. We are building an online handwriting recognizer from a modest amount of training samples. By training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Jen-Hao Rick Chang , Martin Bresler , Youssouf Chherawala , Adrien Delaye , Thomas Deselaers , Ryan Dixon , Oncel Tuzel

Sign language recognition (SLR) is a challenging problem, involving complex manual features, i.e., hand gestures, and fine-grained non-manual features (NMFs), i.e., facial expression, mouth shapes, etc. Although manual features are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Hezhen Hu , Wengang Zhou , Junfu Pu , Houqiang Li

Recent smaller language models such Phi-3.5 and Phi-4 rely on synthetic data generated using larger Language models. Questions remain about leveraging synthetic data for other use cases, such as adapting LLMs to specific domains. A key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Haris Riaz , Sourav Bhabesh , Vinayak Arannil , Miguel Ballesteros , Graham Horwood

Labeled handwriting data is often scarce, limiting the effectiveness of recognition systems that require diverse, style-consistent training samples. Handwriting synthesis offers a promising solution by generating artificial data to augment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Huynh Tong Dang Khoa , Dang Hoai Nam , Vo Nguyen Le Duy

Synthetic data augmentation via large language models (LLMs) allows researchers to leverage additional training data, thus enhancing the performance of downstream tasks, especially when real-world data is scarce. However, the generated data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hsun-Yu Kuo , Yin-Hsiang Liao , Yu-Chieh Chao , Wei-Yun Ma , Pu-Jen Cheng

Recent approaches in skill matching, employing synthetic training data for classification or similarity model training, have shown promising results, reducing the need for time-consuming and expensive annotations. However, previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Antoine Magron , Anna Dai , Mike Zhang , Syrielle Montariol , Antoine Bosselut

The diversity of sign representation is essential for Sign Language Production (SLP) as it captures variations in appearance, facial expressions, and hand movements. However, existing SLP models are often unable to capture diversity while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Mohamed Ilyes Lakhal , Richard Bowden

Most sign language handshape datasets are severely limited and unbalanced, posing significant challenges to effective model training. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of augmenting the training data of a handshape classifier by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Gaston Gustavo Rios , Pedro Dal Bianco , Franco Ronchetti , Facundo Quiroga , Oscar Stanchi , Santiago Ponte Ahón , Waldo Hasperué

Data augmentation has been widely used to improve deep neural networks in many research fields, such as computer vision. However, less work has been done in the context of text, partially due to its discrete nature and the complexity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Ping Yu , Ruiyi Zhang , Yang Zhao , Yizhe Zhang , Chunyuan Li , Changyou Chen

Machine learning models fundamentally rely on large quantities of high-quality data. Collecting the necessary data for these models can be challenging due to cost, scarcity, and privacy restrictions. Signed languages are visual languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Harry Walsh , Maksym Ivashechkin , Richard Bowden

Despite recent advances in large language models, building dependable and deployable NLP models typically requires abundant, high-quality training data. However, task-specific data is not available for many use cases, and manually curating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Saumya Gandhi , Ritu Gala , Vijay Viswanathan , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at generating synthetic data, but ensuring its quality and diversity remains challenging. We propose Genetic Prompt, a novel framework that combines genetic algorithms with LLMs to augment synthetic data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Guangzeng Han , Weisi Liu , Xiaolei Huang

What are the limits of controlling language models via synthetic training data? We develop a reinforcement learning (RL) primitive, the Dataset Policy Gradient (DPG), which can precisely optimize synthetic data generators to produce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Tristan Thrush , Sung Min Park , Herman Brunborg , Luke Bailey , Marcel Roed , Neil Band , Christopher Potts , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Sign languages are multi-channel visual languages, where signers use a continuous 3D space to communicate.Sign Language Production (SLP), the automatic translation from spoken to sign languages, must embody both the continuous articulation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Ben Saunders , Necati Cihan Camgoz , Richard Bowden