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The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has reformed the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Prompting LLM with audio embeddings to generate transcriptions becomes the new state-of-the-art ASR. Despite LLMs being trained with an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Ozlem Kalinli

Current large speech language models (Speech-LLMs) often exhibit limitations in empathetic reasoning, primarily due to the absence of training datasets that integrate both contextual content and paralinguistic cues. In this work, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Qiongqiong Wang , Hardik B. Sailor , Jeremy H. M. Wong , Tianchi Liu , Shuo Sun , Wenyu Zhang , Muhammad Huzaifah , Nancy Chen , Ai Ti Aw

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak

This work studies the capabilities of a large language model (LLM) to understand paralinguistic aspects of speech without fine-tuning its weights. We utilize an end-to-end system with a speech encoder, which is trained to produce token…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Wonjune Kang , Junteng Jia , Chunyang Wu , Wei Zhou , Egor Lakomkin , Yashesh Gaur , Leda Sari , Suyoun Kim , Ke Li , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli

While current large language models (LLMs) perform well on many knowledge-related tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with memorizing rare events and with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Ali Modarressi , Abdullatif Köksal , Ayyoob Imani , Mohsen Fayyaz , Hinrich Schütze

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Speech emotion recognition systems have high prediction latency because of the high computational requirements for deep learning models and low generalizability mainly because of the poor reliability of emotional measurements across…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Abdul Rehman , Zhen-Tao Liu , Min Wu , Wei-Hua Cao , Cheng-Shan Jiang

In the fields of affective computing (AC) and brain-machine interface (BMI), the analysis of physiological and behavioral signals to discern individual emotional states has emerged as a critical research frontier. While deep learning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Hongyu Chen , Weiming Zeng , Chengcheng Chen , Luhui Cai , Fei Wang , Yuhu Shi , Lei Wang , Wei Zhang , Yueyang Li , Hongjie Yan , Wai Ting Siok , Nizhuan Wang

Emotion recognition from speech is a challenging task. Re-cent advances in deep learning have led bi-directional recur-rent neural network (Bi-RNN) and attention mechanism as astandard method for speech emotion recognition, extractingand…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Zixuan Peng , Yu Lu , Shengfeng Pan , Yunfeng Liu

Large language models (LLMs), renowned for their powerful conversational abilities, are widely recognized as exceptional tools in the field of education, particularly in the context of automated intelligent instruction systems for language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Kaiqi Fu , Linkai Peng , Nan Yang , Shuran Zhou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated superior abilities in tasks such as chatting, reasoning, and question-answering. However, standard LLMs may ignore crucial paralinguistic information, such as sentiment, emotion, and speaking…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great success in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. In addition to their cognitive intelligence, exploring their capabilities in emotional intelligence is also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xin Hong , Yuan Gong , Vidhyasaharan Sethu , Ting Dang

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their impressive performance. While considerable research has evaluated these models from various perspectives, the extent to which LLMs can perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Guimin Hu , Hasti Seifi

In this work, we conduct an extensive comparison of various approaches to speech based emotion recognition systems. The analyses were carried out on audio recordings from Ryerson Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech and Song (RAVDESS).…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Kannan Venkataramanan , Haresh Rengaraj Rajamohan

Speech encoding models use auditory representations to predict how the human brain responds to spoken language stimuli. Most performant encoding models linearly map the hidden states of artificial neural networks to brain data, but this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Nishitha Vattikonda , Aditya R. Vaidya , Richard J. Antonello , Alexander G. Huth

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is the use of machines to detect the emotional state of humans based on the speech, which is gaining importance in natural human-computer interaction. Speech is a very valuable source of information, as…

Human emotions are often not expressed directly, but regulated according to internal processes and social display rules. For affective computing systems, an understanding of how users regulate their emotions can be highly useful, for…

Adapting language models (LMs) to novel domains is often achieved through fine-tuning a pre-trained LM (PLM) on domain-specific data. Fine-tuning introduces new knowledge into an LM, enabling it to comprehend and efficiently perform a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Micheal Abaho , Danushka Bollegala , Gary Leeming , Dan Joyce , Iain E Buchan

Connecting audio encoders with large language models (LLMs) allows the LLM to perform various audio understanding tasks, such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and audio captioning (AC). Most research focuses on training an adapter…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-22 Weiqiao Shan , Yuang Li , Yuhao Zhang , Yingfeng Luo , Chen Xu , Xiaofeng Zhao , Long Meng , Yunfei Lu , Min Zhang , Hao Yang , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu
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