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Generative models excel at synthesizing high-fidelity samples from complex data distributions, but they often violate hard constraints arising from physical laws or task specifications. A common remedy is to project intermediate samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jinhao Liang , Yixuan Sun , Anirban Samaddar , Sandeep Madireddy , Ferdinando Fioretto

Medical image segmentation plays an important role in accurately identifying and isolating regions of interest within medical images. Generative approaches are particularly effective in modeling the statistical properties of segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Lea Bogensperger , Dominik Narnhofer , Alexander Falk , Konrad Schindler , Thomas Pock

We present a formulation of flow matching as variational inference, which we refer to as variational flow matching (VFM). Based on this formulation we develop CatFlow, a flow matching method for categorical data. CatFlow is easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Floor Eijkelboom , Grigory Bartosh , Christian Andersson Naesseth , Max Welling , Jan-Willem van de Meent

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

Flow Matching (FM) is a recent framework for generative modeling that has achieved state-of-the-art performance across various domains, including image, video, audio, speech, and biological structures. This guide offers a comprehensive and…

Understanding temporal dynamics in medical imaging is crucial for applications such as disease progression modeling, treatment planning and anatomical development tracking. However, most deep learning methods either consider only single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Nico Albert Disch , Yannick Kirchhoff , Robin Peretzke , Maximilian Rokuss , Saikat Roy , Constantin Ulrich , David Zimmerer , Klaus Maier-Hein

Maximally Smooth Functions (MSFs) are a form of constrained functions in which there are no inflection points or zero crossings in high order derivatives. Consequently, they have applications to signal recovery in experiments where signals…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-01 H. T. J. Bevins , W. J. Handley , A. Fialkov , E. de Lera Acedo , L. J. Greenhill , D. C. Price

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides high-fidelity simulations of fluid flows but remains computationally expensive for many-query applications. In recent years deep learning (DL) has been used to construct data-driven fluid-dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 David Ramos , Lucas Lacasa , Fermín Gutiérrez , Eusebio Valero , Gonzalo Rubio

We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

Although many deep-learning-based super-resolution approaches have been proposed in recent years, because no ground truth is available in the inference stage, few can quantify the errors and uncertainties of the super-resolved results. For…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Jingyi Shen , Han-Wei Shen

Foundation models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) excel in zero-shot segmentation for natural images but struggle with medical image segmentation due to differences in texture, contrast, and noise. Annotating medical images is costly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-14 Sourya Sengupta , Satrajit Chakrabarty , Keerthi Sravan Ravi , Gopal Avinash , Ravi Soni

Flow Matching (FM) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for continuous normalizing flows, yet standard FM implicitly performs an unweighted $L^2$ regression over the entire ambient space. In high dimensions, this leads to a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Shinto Eguchi

Diffusion models can learn rich representations during data generation, showing potential for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), but they face a trade-off between generative quality and discriminative performance. Their iterative sampling also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Kosuke Ukita , Tsuyoshi Okita

Simulation-free methods for training continuous-time generative models construct probability paths that go between noise distributions and individual data samples. Recent works, such as Flow Matching, derived paths that are optimal for each…

Recent efforts have extended the flow-matching framework to discrete generative modeling. One strand of models directly works with the continuous probabilities instead of discrete tokens, which we colloquially refer to as Continuous-State…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Chaoran Cheng , Jiahan Li , Jiajun Fan , Ge Liu

Segmenting thin structures like infrastructure cracks and anatomical vessels is a task hampered by topology-sensitive geometry, high annotation costs, and poor generalization across domains. Existing methods address these challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Babak Asadi , Peiyang Wu , Mani Golparvar-Fard , Viraj Shah , Ramez Hajj

Generating high-dimensional visual modalities is a computationally intensive task. A common solution is progressive generation, where the outputs are synthesized in a coarse-to-fine spectral autoregressive manner. While diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Moayed Haji-Ali , Willi Menapace , Ivan Skorokhodov , Arpit Sahni , Sergey Tulyakov , Vicente Ordonez , Aliaksandr Siarohin

Flow Matching (FM) is a recent generative modelling technique: we aim to learn how to sample from distribution $\mathfrak{X}_1$ by flowing samples from some distribution $\mathfrak{X}_0$ that is easy to sample from. The key trick is that…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-24 Finn M. Sherry , Bart M. N. Smets

Achieving high-fidelity and temporally smooth 3D human motion generation remains a challenge, particularly within resource-constrained environments. We introduce FlowMotion, a novel method leveraging Conditional Flow Matching (CFM).…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Manolo Canales Cuba , Vinícius do Carmo Melício , João Paulo Gois

We introduce Prior-Fitted Functional Flows, a generative foundation model for pharmacokinetics that enables zero-shot population synthesis and individual forecasting without manual parameter tuning. We learn functional vector fields,…