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The rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) is raising concerns about its potential to transform cybercrime. Beyond empowering novice offenders, AI stands to intensify the scale and sophistication of attacks by seasoned…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Benoît Dupont , Chad Whelan , Serge-Olivier Paquette

Background: Trustworthy AI serves as a foundational pillar for two major AI ethics conferences: AIES and FAccT. However, current research often adopts techno-centric approaches, focusing primarily on technical attributes such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Siddharth Mehrotra , Jin Huang , Xuelong Fu , Roel Dobbe , Clara I. Sánchez , Maarten de Rijke

The advent of advanced AI underscores the urgent need for comprehensive safety evaluations, necessitating collaboration across communities (i.e., AI, software engineering, and governance). However, divergent practices and terminologies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Zhenchang Xing

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) comprise a rapidly evolving field of technology with the potential of far-reaching impact in domains ranging from medical over industrial to artistic, gaming, and military. Today, these emerging BCI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Maryna Kapitonova , Philipp Kellmeyer , Simon Vogt , Tonio Ball

This whitepaper highlights the dual importance of securing generative AI (genAI) platforms and leveraging genAI for cybersecurity. As genAI technologies proliferate, their misuse poses significant risks, including data breaches, model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Hari Hayagreevan , Souvik Khamaru

This whitepaper offers normative and practical guidance for developers of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to achieve "Trustworthy AI". In it, we present overall ethical requirements and six ethical principles with value-specific…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Nicholas Kluge Corrêa , Julia Maria Mönig

We empirically evaluate whether AI systems are more effective at attacking or defending in cybersecurity. Using CAI (Cybersecurity AI)'s parallel execution framework, we deployed autonomous agents in 23 Attack/Defense CTF battlegrounds.…

Recently, cybersecurity becomes more and more important due to the rapid development of Internet. However, existing methods are in reality highly sensitive to attacks and are far more vulnerable than expected, as they are lack of trustable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Yu Han , Zhongru Wang , Qiang Ruan , Binxing Fang

In today's evolving threat landscape, ensuring digital sovereignty has become mandatory for military organizations, especially given their increased development and investment in AI-driven cyber security solutions. To this end, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Clara Maathuis , Kasper Cools

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the disruptive technologies that is shaping the future. It has growing applications for data-driven decisions in major smart city solutions, including transportation, education, healthcare, public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 M. Humayn Kabir , Khondokar Fida Hasan , Mohammad Kamrul Hasan , Keyvan Ansari

As AI systems become increasingly capable and ubiquitous, ensuring the safety of these systems is critical. However, existing safety tools often target different aspects of model safety and cannot provide full assurance in isolation,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Harshal Nandigramwar , Syed Qutub , Kay-Ulrich Scholl

Robotics, automation, and related Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have become pervasive bringing in concerns related to security, safety, accuracy, and trust. With growing dependency on physical robots that work in close proximity to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Sudip Mittal , Jingdao Chen

The potential presented by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for healthcare has long been recognised by the technical community. More recently, this potential has been recognised by policymakers, resulting in considerable public and private…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Jessica Morley , Caroline Morton , Kassandra Karpathakis , Mariarosaria Taddeo , Luciano Floridi

The exposure of security vulnerabilities in safety-aligned language models, e.g., susceptibility to adversarial attacks, has shed light on the intricate interplay between AI safety and AI security. Although the two disciplines now come…

Although AI systems have been applied in various fields and achieved impressive performance, their safety and reliability are still a big concern. This is especially important for safety-critical tasks. One shared characteristic of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shuang Ao

Modern AI systems are reaping the advantage of novel learning methods. With their increasing usage, we are realizing the limitations and shortfalls of these systems. Brittleness to minor adversarial changes in the input data, ability to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Richa Singh , Mayank Vatsa , Nalini Ratha

The complex and evolving threat landscape of frontier AI development requires a multi-layered approach to risk management ("defense-in-depth"). By reviewing cybersecurity and AI frameworks, we outline three approaches that can help identify…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Shaun Ee , Joe O'Brien , Zoe Williams , Amanda El-Dakhakhni , Michael Aird , Alex Lintz

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) is critical for mitigating threats to organizations, governments, and institutions, yet the necessary data are often dispersed across diverse formats. AI-driven solutions for CTI Information Extraction (IE)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Olga Sorokoletova , Emanuele Antonioni , Giordano Colò

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems across critical domains necessitates robust security evaluation frameworks. We propose a novel approach that introduces three metrics: System Complexity Index (SCI), Lyapunov…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-18 B Kereopa-Yorke

Safety cases - clear, assessable arguments for the safety of a system in a given context - are a widely-used technique across various industries for showing a decision-maker (e.g. boards, customers, third parties) that a system is safe. In…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Benjamin Hilton , Marie Davidsen Buhl , Tomek Korbak , Geoffrey Irving