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The rapid surge in data generated by Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) applications demands ultra-fast, scalable, and energy-efficient hardware, as traditional von Neumann architectures face…

Optics is a promising platform in which to help realise the next generation of fast, parallel and energy-efficient computation. We demonstrate a reconfigurable free-space optical multiplier that is capable of over 3000 computations in…

Optics · Physics 2020-11-23 James Spall , Xianxin Guo , Thomas D. Barrett , A. I. Lvovsky

The ever-increasing demand for Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems is underlining a significant requirement for new, AI-optimised hardware. Neuromorphic (brain-like) processors are one highly-promising solution, with photonic-enabled…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Joshua Robertson , Paul Kirkland , Juan Arturo Alanis , Matěj Hejda , Julián Bueno , Gaetano Di Caterina , Antonio Hurtado

With high integration density and excellent optical properties, silicon photonics is becoming a promising platform for complete integration and large-scale optical quantum information processing. Scalable quantum information applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Lantian Feng , Ming Zhang , Jianwei Wang , Xiaoqi Zhou , Xiaogang Qiang , Guangcan Guo , Xifeng Ren

Recent advances in photonic inverse design have demonstrated the ability to automatically synthesize compact, high-performance photonic components that surpass conventional, hand-designed structures, offering a promising path toward…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-18 Hongjian Zhou , Haoyu Yang , Nicholas Gangi , Tianle Xu , Rena Huang , Jiaqi Gu

Pixel binning is a technique, widely used in optical image acquisition and spectroscopy, in which adjacent detector elements of an image sensor are combined into larger pixels. This reduces the amount of data to be processed as well as the…

Polarization-resolved control and measurement of the optical field are essential for a wide range of photonic systems, including coherent communication, polarimetric sensing, and quantum information processing. We present a photonic…

The exponential growth of machine-intelligence workloads is colliding with the power, memory, and interconnect limits of the post-Moore era, motivating compute substrates that scale beyond transistor density alone. Integrated photonics is…

Photonic convolutional accelerators have emerged as low-energy alternatives to power-demanding digital convolutional neural networks, though they often face limitations in scalability. In this work, we introduce a convolutional photonic…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-24 Georgios Moustakas , Adonis Bogris , Charis Mesaritakis

Photonic integrated circuits offer a compact and stable platform for generating, manipulating, and detecting light. They are instrumental for classical and quantum applications. Imperfections stemming from fabrication constraints,…

Neuromorphic photonic computing represents a paradigm shift for next-generation machine intelligence, yet critical gaps persist in emulating the brain's event-driven, asynchronous dynamics,a fundamental barrier to unlocking its full…

Large-scale programmable photonic circuits are opening up new possibilities for information processing providing fast and energy-efficient means for matrix-vector multiplication. Here, we introduce a novel architecture of photonic circuits…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-19 S. A. Fldzhyan , M. Yu. Saygin , S. S. Straupe

Optical neural networks are emerging as a powerful and versatile tool for processing optical signals directly in the optical domain with superior speed, integrability, and functionality. Their application to optical polarization enables…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-24 Alessandro Petrini , Claudio Conti , Davide Pierangeli

With an ongoing trend in computing hardware towards increased heterogeneity, domain-specific co-processors are emerging as alternatives to centralized paradigms. The tensor core unit (TPU) has shown to outperform graphic process units by…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-11-24 Mario Miscuglio , Volker J. Sorger

The integration of computing with memory is essential for distributed, massively parallel, and adaptive architectures such as neural networks in artificial intelligence (AI). Accelerating AI can be achieved through photonic computing, but…

Stochastic computing (SC) allows reducing hardware complexity and improving energy efficiency of error resilient applications. However, a main limitation of the computing paradigm is the low throughput induced by the intrinsic serial…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-28 Hassnaa El-Derhalli , Sébastien Le Beux , Sofiene Tahar

We present a novel self-correcting, high-speed optoelectronic probabilistic computer architecture that leverages source-device independent (SDI) quantum photonic p-bits integrated with robust electronic control. Our approach combines the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Ramy Aboushelbaya , Annika Moslein , Hadi Azar , Hamid Tanhaei , Marko von der Leyen

Photonic neural networks have significant potential for high-speed neural processing with low latency and ultralow energy consumption. However, the on-chip implementation of a large-scale neural network is still challenging owing to its low…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Satoshi Sunada , Atsushi Uchida

Modern machine learning applications require huge artificial networks demanding in computational power and memory. Light-based platforms promise ultra-fast and energy-efficient hardware, which may help in realizing next-generation data…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Carlo Michele Valensise , Ivana Grecco , Davide Pierangeli , Claudio Conti

Programmable photonic circuits of reconfigurable interferometers can be used to implement arbitrary operations on optical modes, facilitating a flexible platform for accelerating tasks in quantum simulation, signal processing, and…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Saumil Bandyopadhyay , Ryan Hamerly , Dirk Englund