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Insurers are increasingly adopting more demand-based strategies to incorporate the indirect effect of premium changes on their policyholders' willingness to stay. However, since in practice both insurers' renewal premia and customers'…

Applications · Statistics 2022-10-10 Robert Matthijs Verschuren

We study a reinsurer who faces multiple sources of model uncertainty. The reinsurer offers contracts to $n$ insurers whose claims follow compound Poisson processes representing both idiosyncratic and systemic sources of loss. As the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-03 Emma Kroell , Sebastian Jaimungal , Silvana M. Pesenti

When online sellers use AI learning algorithms to automatically compete on e-commerce platforms, there is concern that they will learn to coordinate on higher than competitive prices. However, this concern was primarily raised in…

General Economics · Economics 2025-11-03 Hangcheng Zhao , Ron Berman

Most insurance contracts are inherently linked to financial markets, be it via interest rates, or -- as hybrid products like equity-linked life insurance and variable annuities -- directly to stocks or indices. However, insurance contracts…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-11-28 Philippe Artzner , Karl-Theodor Eisele , Thorsten Schmidt

Codeshare agreements are contracts that allow two or more airlines to share seats on the same flight. These agreements, which are widespread in commercial aviation as a response to highly competitive environments, have enabled the expansion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-12 Lucas T. B. Mendes , Alessandro V. M. Oliveira

It is standard practice in online retail to run pricing experiments by randomizing at the article-level, i.e. by changing prices of different products to identify treatment effects. Due to customers' cross-price substitution behavior, such…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-23 Lars Roemheld , Justin Rao

We mathematically demonstrate how and what it means for two collective pension funds to mutually insure one another against systematic longevity risk. The key equation that facilitates the exchange of insurance is a market clearing…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-10-11 John Armstrong , James Dalby

This study models the monopoly pricing of weather index insurance as a Bowley-type sequential game involving a profit-maximizing insurer (leader) and a farmer (follower). The farmer chooses an insurance payoff to minimize a convex…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-02 Tim J. Boonen , Wenyuan Li , Zixiao Quan

We study the design of an optimal insurance contract in which the insured maximizes her expected utility and the insurer limits the variance of his risk exposure while maintaining the principle of indemnity and charging the premium…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-18 Yichun Chi , Xun Yu Zhou , Sheng Chao Zhuang

We introduce pricing formulas for competition and collusion models of two-sided markets with an outside option. For the competition model, we find conditions under which prices and consumer surplus may increase or decrease if the outside…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-12 Cristian Chica , Yinglong Guo , Gilad Lerman

This paper proposes a novel method for demand forecasting in a pricing context. Here, modeling the causal relationship between price as an input variable to demand is crucial because retailers aim to set prices in a (profit) optimal manner…

We present an analytical study of an insurance company. We model the company's performance on a statistical basis and evaluate the predicted annual income of the company in terms of insurance parameters namely the premium, total number of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-10 M. Ebrahim Fouladvand , Amir H. Darooneh

This paper studies optimal insurance design under asymmetric information in a Stackelberg framework, where a monopolistic insurer faces uncertainty about both the insured's risk attitude, captured by a risk-aversion parameter, and the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-20 Xia Han , Bin Li

Dynamic, risk-based pricing can systematically exclude vulnerable consumer groups from essential resources such as health insurance and consumer credit. We show that a regulator can realign private incentives with social objectives through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jesse Thibodeau , Hadi Nekoei , Afaf Taïk , Janarthanan Rajendran , Golnoosh Farnadi

This paper introduces a method for pricing insurance policies using market data. The approach is designed for scenarios in which the insurance company seeks to enter a new market, in our case: pet insurance, lacking historical data. The…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-23 Pierre-Olivier Goffard , Pierrick Piette , Gareth W. Peters

Extant literature on fair pricing methods for actuarial contexts has primarily focused on the regression setting. While such approaches are well-suited to short-term products, it is unclear how they generalize to long-term products, whose…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-05 Hong Beng Lim , Mengyi Xu , Kenneth Q. Zhou

Variable annuities, as a class of retirement income products, allow equity market exposure for a policyholder's retirement fund with electable additional guarantees to limit the downside risk of the market. Management fees and guarantee…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2017-05-12 Jin Sun , Pavel V. Shevchenko , Man Chung Fung

Every time drivers take to the road, and with each mile that they drive, exposes themselves and others to the risk of an accident. Insurance premiums are only weakly linked to mileage, however, and have lump-sum characteristics largely. The…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-03-11 Safoora Zarei , Ali R. Fallahi

We study mixed bundling and competitive price-matching guarantees (PMGs) in a duopoly selling complementary products to heterogeneous customers. One retailer offers mixed bundling while the rival sells only a bundle. We characterize unique…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-01-23 Esmat Sangari , Rajni Kant Bansal

The frequent occurrence of natural disasters has posed significant challenges to society, necessitating the urgent development of effective risk management strategies. From the early informal community-based risk sharing mechanisms to…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-06 Lichen Wang , Shijia Hua , Yuyuan Liu , Zhengyuan Lu , Liang Zhang , Linjie Liu , Attila Szolnoki