Related papers: Higher arithmetic on the ordinals
We study generalized sums of linear orders. These are binary operations that, given linear orders $A$ and $B$, return an order $A \oplus B$ that can be decomposed as an isomorphic copy of $A$ interleaved with a copy of $B$. We show that…
Generalizations of linear numeration systems in which the set of natural numbers is recognizable by finite automata are obtained by describing an arbitrary infinite regular language following the lexicographic ordering. For these systems of…
There are two well-known ways of doing arithmetic with ordinal numbers: the "ordinary" addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, which are defined by transfinite iteration; and the "natural" (or Hessenberg) addition and multiplication…
Non-linear recurrences which generate integers in a surprising way have been studied by many people. Typically people study recurrences that are linear in the highest order term. In this paper I consider what happens when the recurrence is…
New exceptional (i.e. non-repeating) prime number multiplets are given and formulated in terms of arithmetic progressions, along with laws governing them. Accompanying repeating prime number multiplets are pointed out. Prime number…
We describe arithmetic computations in terms of operations on some well known free algebras (S1S, S2S and ordered rooted binary trees) while emphasizing the common structure present in all them when seen as isomorphic with the set of…
This paper studies tree-automatic ordinals (or equivalently, well-founded linearly ordered sets) together with the ordinal addition operation +. Informally, these are ordinals such that their elements are coded by finite trees for which the…
We introduce a model of infinitary computation which enhances the infinite time Turing machine model slightly but in a natural way by giving the machines the capability of detecting cardinal stages of computation. The computational strength…
In this paper we introduce hyperations and cohyperations, which are forms of transfinite iteration of ordinal functions. Hyperations are iterations of normal functions. Unlike iteration by pointwise convergence, hyperation preserves…
`What more than its truth do we know if we have a proof of a theorem in a given formal system?' We examine Kreisel's question in the particular context of program termination proofs, with an eye to deriving complexity bounds on program…
Let $b \ge 2$ be an integer. We prove that the $b$-adic expansion of every irrational algebraic number cannot have low complexity. Furthermore, we establish that irrational morphic numbers are transcendental, for a wide class of morphisms.…
We generalize the construction of multitildes in the aim to provide multitilde operators for regular languages. We show that the underliying algebraic structure involves the action of some operads. An operad is an algebraic structure that…
In order to prove irrationality of \sqrt{2} by using only decimal expansions (and not fractions), we develop in detail a model of real numbers based on infinite decimals and arithmetic operations with them.
In this paper, we extend Busy Beaver function to a class of higher order Busy Beaver functions based on Turing oracle machine. We prove some results about the relation between decidability of number theoretical formula and higher order Busy…
We present an explicit basis for orders of arbitrary level N>1 in definite rational quaternion algebras. These orders have applications to computations of spaces of elliptic and quaternionic modular forms.
In this paper we study a sequence involving the prime numbers by deriving two asymptotic formulas and finding new upper and lower bounds, which improve the currently known estimates.
The ordinal sum of t-norms on a bounded lattice has been used to construct other t-norms. However, an ordinal sum of binary operations (not necessarily t-norms) defined on the fixed subintervals of a bounded lattice may not be a t-norm.…
In this work, we give rigorous operational meaning to superposition of causal orders. This fits within a recent effort to understand how the standard operational perspective on quantum theory could be extended to include indefinite…
We introduce a non-wellfounded proof system for intuitionistic logic extended with inductive and co-inductive definitions, based on a syntax in which fixpoint formulas are annotated with explicit variables for ordinals. We explore the…
The derivatives with respect to order {\nu} for the Bessel functions of argument x (real or complex) are studied. Representations are derived in terms of integrals that involve the products pairs of Bessel functions, and in turn series…