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There are many difficulties facing a handwritten Arabic recognition system such as unlimited variation in human handwriting, similarities of distinct character shapes, interconnections of neighbouring characters and their position in the…
The recognition of unconstrained handwriting continues to be a difficult task for computers despite active research for several decades. This is because handwritten text offers great challenges such as character and word segmentation,…
Word segmentation plays a pivotal role in improving any Arabic NLP application. Therefore, a lot of research has been spent in improving its accuracy. Off-the-shelf tools, however, are: i) complicated to use and ii) domain/dialect…
Document level Urdu Sentiment Analysis (SA) is a challenging Natural Language Processing (NLP) task as it deals with large documents in a resource-poor language. In large documents, there are ample amounts of words that exhibit different…
Neural Machine Translation models have replaced the conventional phrase based statistical translation methods since the former takes a generic, scalable, data-driven approach rather than relying on manual, hand-crafted features. The neural…
Digit, letter and word recognition for a particular script has various applications in todays commercial contexts. Nevertheless, only a limited number of relevant studies have dealt with Persian scripts. In this paper, deep neural networks…
Code-switching is a common phenomenon among people with diverse lingual background and is widely used on the internet for communication purposes. In this paper, we present a Recurrent Neural Network combined with the Attention Model for…
Digital text is increasing day by day on the internet. It is very challenging to classify a large and heterogeneous collection of data, which require improved information processing methods to organize text. To classify large size of…
Handwriting Recognition has been a field of great interest in the Artificial Intelligence domain. Due to its broad use cases in real life, research has been conducted widely on it. Prominent work has been done in this field focusing mainly…
Handwritten character recognition has been the center of research and a benchmark problem in the sector of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, and it continues to be a challenging research topic. Due to its enormous application…
With the increased use of the internet and social networks for online discussions, the spread of toxic and inappropriate content on social networking sites has also increased. Several studies have been conducted in different languages.…
Increased accuracy in predictive models for handwritten character recognition will open up new frontiers for optical character recognition. Major drawbacks of predictive machine learning models are headed by the elongated training time…
Authorship analysis has traditionally focused on lexical and stylistic cues within text, while higher-level narrative structure remains underexplored, particularly for low-resource languages such as Urdu. This work proposes a graph-based…
It has been established that Speech Affect Recognition for low resource languages is a difficult task. Here we present a Transfer learning based Speech Affect Recognition approach in which: we pre-train a model for high resource language…
We propose a novel method that uses convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction. Not just limited to conventional spatial domain representation, we use multilevel 2D discrete Haar wavelet transform, where image…
Handwritten text recognition is an active research area in the field of deep learning and artificial intelligence to convert handwritten text into machine-understandable. A lot of work has been done for other languages, especially for…
Automatic Arabic handwritten recognition is one of the recently studied problems in the field of Machine Learning. Unlike Latin languages, Arabic is a Semitic language that forms a harder challenge, especially with variability of patterns…
Online Arabic cursive character recognition is still a big challenge due to the existing complexities including Arabic cursive script styles, writing speed, writer mood and so forth. Due to these unavoidable constraints, the accuracy of…
Roman Urdu is an informal form of the Urdu language written in Roman script, which is widely used in South Asia for online textual content. It lacks standard spelling and hence poses several normalization challenges during automatic…
Contrary to popular belief, Optical Character Recognition (OCR) remains a challenging problem when text occurs in unconstrained environments, like natural scenes, due to geometrical distortions, complex backgrounds, and diverse fonts. In…