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In survey sampling, calibration is a very popular tool used to make total estimators consistent with known totals of auxiliary variables and to reduce variance. When the number of auxiliary variables is large, calibration on all the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-15 H. Cardot , C. Goga , M. -A Shehzad

The calibration of quantum measurements is limited by the ability to accurately prepare quantum states under unknown device errors. We develop an accurate calibration protocol for the measurement apparatus of a quantum computer that is…

Calibration measures and reliability diagrams are two fundamental tools for measuring and interpreting the calibration of probabilistic predictors. Calibration measures quantify the degree of miscalibration, and reliability diagrams…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Jarosław Błasiok , Preetum Nakkiran

Modern neural networks have found to be miscalibrated in terms of confidence calibration, i.e., their predicted confidence scores do not reflect the observed accuracy or precision. Recent work has introduced methods for post-hoc confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Fabian Küppers , Jan Kronenberger , Jonas Schneider , Anselm Haselhoff

Calibration, which establishes the correlation between accuracy and model confidence, is important for LLM development. We design three off-the-shelf calibration methods based on self-consistency (Wang et al., 2022) for math reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Ante Wang , Linfeng Song , Ye Tian , Baolin Peng , Lifeng Jin , Haitao Mi , Jinsong Su , Dong Yu

Accurate uncertainty estimates are important in sequential model-based decision-making tasks such as Bayesian optimization. However, these estimates can be imperfect if the data violates assumptions made by the model (e.g., Gaussianity).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Shachi Deshpande , Charles Marx , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Quantum phase estimation is one of the key algorithms in the field of quantum computing, but up until now, only approximate expressions have been derived for the probability of error. We revisit these derivations, and find that by ensuring…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-13 James M. Chappell , Max A. Lohe , Lorenz von Smekal , Azhar Iqbal , Derek Abbott

Conformal Prediction provides distribution-free prediction intervals with guaranteed coverage, but its reliance on a single global calibration threshold obscures the sources of uncertainty at the instance level. In particular, it conflates…

Measures of accuracy usually score how accurate a specified credence depending on whether the proposition is true or false. A key requirement for such measures is strict propriety; that probabilities expect themselves to be most accurate.…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Catrin Campbell-Moore

Calibration is a widely used method in survey sampling to adjust weights so that estimated totals of some chosen calibration variables match known population totals or totals obtained from other sources. When a large number of auxiliary…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-11 Caren Hasler , Arnaud Tripet , Yves Tillé

Multicalibration [HJKRR18] is an algorithmic fairness perspective that demands that the predictions of a predictor are correct conditional on themselves and membership in a collection of potentially overlapping subgroups of a population.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Lunjia Hu , Haipeng Luo , Spandan Senapati , Vatsal Sharan

Machine learning classifiers are probabilistic in nature, and thus inevitably involve uncertainty. Predicting the probability of a specific input to be correct is called uncertainty (or confidence) estimation and is crucial for risk…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Gabriella Chouraqui , Liron Cohen , Gil Einziger , Liel Leman

Recent advances in machine learning have significantly improved prediction accuracy in various applications. However, ensuring the calibration of probabilistic predictions remains a significant challenge. Despite efforts to enhance model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-05 Yan Sun , Pratik Chaudhari , Ian J. Barnett , Edgar Dobriban

We propose a bootstrap-based calibrated projection procedure to build confidence intervals for single components and for smooth functions of a partially identified parameter vector in moment (in)equality models. The method controls…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Hiroaki Kaido , Francesca Molinari , Jörg Stoye

Predictive parity (PP), also known as sufficiency, is a core definition of algorithmic fairness essentially stating that model outputs must have the same interpretation of expected outcomes regardless of group. Testing and satisfying PP is…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-01 Cyrus DiCiccio , Brian Hsu , YinYin Yu , Preetam Nandy , Kinjal Basu

Machine-learning techniques are essential in modern collider research, yet their probabilistic outputs often lack calibrated uncertainty estimates and finite-sample guarantees, limiting their direct use in statistical inference and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-12-22 Jack Y. Araz , Michael Spannowsky

Operator learning has been increasingly adopted in scientific and engineering applications, many of which require calibrated uncertainty quantification. Since the output of operator learning is a continuous function, quantifying uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ziqi Ma , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Anima Anandkumar

Predictive models in ML need to be trustworthy and reliable, which often at the very least means outputting calibrated probabilities. This can be particularly difficult to guarantee in the online prediction setting when the outcome sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Princewill Okoroafor , Robert Kleinberg , Wen Sun

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly used to generate data for downstream analyses, yet naively treating these predictions as true observations can lead to biased results and incorrect inference. Wang et…

Moderate calibration, the expected event probability among observations with predicted probability z being equal to z, is a desired property of risk prediction models. Current graphical and numerical techniques for evaluating moderate…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-14 Mohsen Sadatsafavi , John Petkau