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Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical question answering but often struggle with hallucinations and shallow reasoning, particularly in tasks requiring nuanced clinical understanding. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Ziyu Wang , Elahe Khatibi , Amir M. Rahmani

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved impressive progress in vision-language understanding, yet they face limitations in real-world applications requiring complex reasoning over a large number of images. Existing benchmarks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Jun Chen , Dannong Xu , Junjie Fei , Chun-Mei Feng , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Large language models (LLMs) often generate outdated or inaccurate information based on static training datasets. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates this by integrating outside data sources. While previous RAG systems used…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) and multi-modal LLMs have been remarkable. However, these models still rely solely on their parametric knowledge, which limits their ability to generate up-to-date information and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zihan Ling , Zhiyao Guo , Yixuan Huang , Yi An , Shuai Xiao , Jinsong Lan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zheng

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) is widely adopted for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with external evidence to reduce hallucinations. Despite its success, most existing MRAG frameworks treat retrieved evidence as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Xihang Wang , Zihan Wang , Chengkai Huang , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often fail in fine-grained visual question answering, producing hallucinations about object identities, positions, and relations because textual queries are not explicitly anchored to visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Suyang Xi , Chenxi Yang , Hong Ding , Yiqing Ni , Catherine C. Liu , Yunhao Liu , Chengqi Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs) through external knowledge integration, yet its application has primarily focused on textual content, leaving the rich domain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Xubin Ren , Lingrui Xu , Long Xia , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Chao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in open-domain question answering. However, when applied to heterogeneous documents, comprising both textual and tabular components, existing RAG approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Xiaohan Yu , Pu Jian , Chong Chen

In recent years, accurately and quickly deploying medical large language models (LLMs) has become a trend. Among these, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has garnered attention due to rapid deployment and privacy protection. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Penglei Sun , Yixiang Chen , Xiang Li , Xiaowen Chu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable performance in computer vision tasks that require reasoning across visual and textual modalities, yet their capabilities are limited to their pre-trained data, requiring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mirco Bonomo , Simone Bianco

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed various sectors, including education, finance, and medicine, by enhancing content generation and decision-making processes. However, their integration into the medical field is cautious due to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yifan Feng , Hao Hu , Xingliang Hou , Shiquan Liu , Shihui Ying , Shaoyi Du , Han Hu , Yue Gao

With the rapid advancement of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), their capability in understanding both images and text has greatly improved. However, their potential for leveraging multi-modal contextual information in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Zhenghao Liu , Xingsheng Zhu , Tianshuo Zhou , Xinyi Zhang , Xiaoyuan Yi , Yukun Yan , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in jointly understanding text, images, and videos, often evaluated via Visual Question Answering (VQA). However, even state-of-the-art MLLMs struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Alberto Compagnoni , Marco Morini , Sara Sarto , Federico Cocchi , Davide Caffagni , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) augments large language models (LLM) by retrieving relevant knowledge, showing promising potential in mitigating LLM hallucinations and enhancing response quality, thereby facilitating the great adoption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by using external knowledge, but it struggles with precise entity information retrieval. In this paper, we proposed MES-RAG framework, which enhances entity-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Pingyu Wu , Daiheng Gao , Jing Tang , Huimin Chen , Wenbo Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Advanced multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) techniques have been widely applied to enhance the capabilities of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), but they also bring along novel safety issues. Existing adversarial research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Linyin Luo , Yujuan Ding , Yunshan Ma , Wenqi Fan , Hanjiang Lai

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, yet their application in hardware security verification remains limited due to scarcity of publicly available hardware description…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Touseef Hasan , Blessing Airehenbuwa , Nitin Pundir , Souvika Sarkar , Ujjwal Guin

Financial documents--such as 10-Ks, 10-Qs, and investor presentations--span hundreds of pages and combine diverse modalities, including dense narrative text, structured tables, and complex figures. Answering questions over such content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Chinmay Gondhalekar , Urjitkumar Patel , Fang-Chun Yeh

Diagnosing hepatic diseases accurately and interpretably is critical, yet it remains challenging in real-world clinical settings. Existing AI approaches for clinical diagnosis often lack transparency, structured reasoning, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zheng Li , Jiayi Xu , Zhikai Hu , Hechang Chen , Lele Cong , Yunyun Wang , Shuchao Pang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an effective approach to enhance the factual accuracy of large language models (LLMs) by retrieving information from external databases, which are typically composed of diverse sources, to supplement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Jeongyeon Hwang , Junyoung Park , Hyejin Park , Dongwoo Kim , Sangdon Park , Jungseul Ok