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Money launderers exploit the weaknesses in detection systems by purposefully placing their ill-gotten money into multiple accounts, at different banks. That money is then layered and moved around among mule accounts to obscure the origin…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Haseeb Tariq , Marwan Hassani

Given a stream of money transactions between accounts in a bank, how can we accurately detect money laundering agent accounts and suspected behaviors in real-time? Money laundering agents try to hide the origin of illegally obtained money…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Xiaobing Sun , Wenjie Feng , Shenghua Liu , Yuyang Xie , Siddharth Bhatia , Bryan Hooi , Wenhan Wang , Xueqi Cheng

Money laundering is a global problem that concerns legitimizing proceeds from serious felonies (1.7-4 trillion euros annually) such as drug dealing, human trafficking, or corruption. The anti-money laundering systems deployed by financial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Ahmad Naser Eddin , Jacopo Bono , David Aparício , David Polido , João Tiago Ascensão , Pedro Bizarro , Pedro Ribeiro

Money laundering enables organized crime by moving illicit funds into the legitimate economy. Although trillions of dollars are laundered each year, detection rates remain low because launderers evade oversight, confirmed cases are rare,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Johan Östman , Edvin Callisen , Anton Chen , Kristiina Ausmees , Emanuel Gårdh , Jovan Zamac , Jolanta Goldsteine , Hugo Wefer , Simon Whelan , Markus Reimegård

Money laundering is a major global problem, enabling criminal organisations to hide their ill-gotten gains and to finance further operations. Prevention of money laundering is seen as a high priority by many governments, however detection…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-08-03 David Savage , Qingmai Wang , Pauline Chou , Xiuzhen Zhang , Xinghuo Yu

In this paper, we present "Graph Feature Preprocessor", a software library for detecting typical money laundering patterns in financial transaction graphs in real time. These patterns are used to produce a rich set of transaction features…

Bitcoin is by far the most popular crypto-currency solution enabling peer-to-peer payments. Despite some studies highlighting the network does not provide full anonymity, it is still being heavily used for a wide variety of dubious…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Yining Hu , Suranga Seneviratne , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Kensuke Fukuda , Aruna Seneviratne

Money laundering poses severe risks to global financial systems, driving the widespread adoption of machine learning for transaction monitoring. However, progress remains stifled by the lack of realistic benchmarks. Existing…

Money laundering (ML) is the behavior to conceal the source of money achieved by illegitimate activities, and always be a fast process involving frequent and chained transactions. How can we detect ML and fraudulent activity in large scale…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Xiaobing Sun , Jiabao Zhang , Qiming Zhao , Shenghua Liu , Jinglei Chen , Ruoyu Zhuang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

As the largest blockchain platform that supports smart contracts, Ethereum has developed with an incredible speed. Yet due to the anonymity of blockchain, the popularity of Ethereum has fostered the emergence of various illegal activities…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Qishuang Fu , Dan Lin , Yiyue Cao , Jiajing Wu

Anti-money laundering (AML) regulations play a critical role in safeguarding financial systems, but bear high costs for institutions and drive financial exclusion for those on the socioeconomic and international margins. The advent of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Mark Weber , Giacomo Domeniconi , Jie Chen , Daniel Karl I. Weidele , Claudio Bellei , Tom Robinson , Charles E. Leiserson

Current anti-money laundering (AML) systems, predominantly rule-based, exhibit notable shortcomings in efficiently and precisely detecting instances of money laundering. As a result, there has been a recent surge toward exploring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Fredrik Johannessen , Martin Jullum

Anti-money laundering (AML) systems are important for protecting the global economy. However, conventional rule-based methods rely on domain knowledge, leading to suboptimal accuracy and a lack of scalability. Graph neural networks (GNNs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Chung-Hoo Poon , James Kwok , Calvin Chow , Jang-Hyeon Choi

Combating money laundering has become increasingly complex with the rise of cybercrime and digitalization of financial transactions. Graph-based machine learning techniques have emerged as promising tools for Anti-Money Laundering (AML)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Fabrianne Effendi , Anupam Chattopadhyay

Today, money laundering (ML) poses a serious threat not only to financial institutions but also to the nations. This criminal activity is becoming more and more sophisticated and seems to have moved from the clichy of drug trafficking to…

Databases · Computer Science 2017-03-30 Nhien-An Le-Khac , Sammer Markos , Michael O'Neill , Anthony Brabazon , Tahar Kechadi

Criminals have become increasingly experienced in using cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, for money laundering. The use of cryptocurrencies can hide criminal identities and transfer hundreds of millions of dollars of dirty funds through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Wai Weng Lo , Gayan K. Kulatilleke , Mohanad Sarhan , Siamak Layeghy , Marius Portmann

Anti-money laundering (AML) research is constrained by the lack of publicly shareable, regulation-aligned transaction datasets. We present AMLNet, a knowledge-based multi-agent framework with two coordinated units: a regulation-aware…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sabin Huda , Ernest Foo , Zahra Jadidi , MA Hakim Newton , Abdul Sattar

Financial fraud cases are on the rise even with the current technological advancements. Due to the lack of inter-organization synergy and because of privacy concerns, authentic financial transaction data is rarely available. On the other…

The complexity and interconnectivity of entities involved in money laundering demand investigative reasoning over graph-structured data. This paper explores the use of large language models (LLMs) as reasoning engines over localized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Erfan Pirmorad

The integration of machine learning with blockchain technology has witnessed increasing interest, driven by the vision of decentralized, secure, and transparent AI services. In this context, we introduce opML (Optimistic Machine Learning on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 KD Conway , Cathie So , Xiaohang Yu , Kartin Wong