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Autonomous driving has long relied on modular "Perception-Decision-Action" pipelines, where hand-crafted interfaces and rule-based components often break down in complex or long-tailed scenarios. Their cascaded design further propagates…

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding and analyzing visual scenes across various domains. However, in the context of autonomous driving, their limited comprehension of 3D environments restricts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jannik Lübberstedt , Esteban Rivera , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

The applications of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in the field of Autonomous Driving (AD) have attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding performance and the ability to leverage Large Language Models (LLMs). By incorporating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xingcheng Zhou , Mingyu Liu , Ekim Yurtsever , Bare Luka Zagar , Walter Zimmer , Hu Cao , Alois C. Knoll

Recent studies have explored leveraging the world knowledge and cognitive capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to address the long-tail problem in end-to-end autonomous driving. However, existing methods typically formulate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yongkang Li , Kaixin Xiong , Xiangyu Guo , Fang Li , Sixu Yan , Gangwei Xu , Lijun Zhou , Long Chen , Haiyang Sun , Bing Wang , Kun Ma , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Current Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) typically encode frames via a vision encoder and employ an autoregressive (AR) LLM for understanding and generation. However, this AR paradigm inevitably faces a dual efficiency bottleneck:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhihao He , Tieyuan Chen , Kangyu Wang , Ziran Qin , Yang Shao , Chaofan Gan , Shijie Li , Zuxuan Wu , Weiyao Lin

In autonomous driving, dynamic environment and corner cases pose significant challenges to the robustness of ego vehicle's state understanding and decision making. We introduce VDRive, a novel pipeline for end-to-end autonomous driving that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ziang Guo , Zufeng Zhang

Autonomous driving technology, a catalyst for revolutionizing transportation and urban mobility, has the tend to transition from rule-based systems to data-driven strategies. Traditional module-based systems are constrained by cumulative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zhenjie Yang , Xiaosong Jia , Hongyang Li , Junchi Yan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, the field still lacks a practical platform that enables dynamic model updates, rapid validation, fair comparison, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhijie Qiao , Haowei Li , Zhong Cao , Henry X. Liu

Exploring open-world situations in an end-to-end manner is a promising yet challenging task due to the need for strong generalization capabilities. In particular, end-to-end autonomous driving in unstructured outdoor environments often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hyunki Seong , Seongwoo Moon , Hojin Ahn , Jehun Kang , David Hyunchul Shim

End-to-end autonomous driving demonstrates strong planning capabilities with large-scale data but still struggles in complex, rare scenarios due to limited commonsense. In contrast, Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Bo Jiang , Shaoyu Chen , Bencheng Liao , Xingyu Zhang , Wei Yin , Qian Zhang , Chang Huang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Large-scale Vision Language Models (LVLMs) exhibit advanced capabilities in tasks that require visual information, including object detection. These capabilities have promising applications in various industrial domains, such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Haruki Sakajo , Hiroshi Takato , Hiroshi Tsutsui , Komei Soda , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

In this work, we introduce LLaDA-V, a purely diffusion-based Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) that integrates visual instruction tuning with masked diffusion models, representing a departure from the autoregressive paradigms dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zebin You , Shen Nie , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Hu , Jun Zhou , Zhiwu Lu , Ji-Rong Wen , Chongxuan Li

End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a promising approach to unify perception, prediction, and planning within a single framework, reducing information loss and improving adaptability. However, existing methods often rely on fixed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Yuhang Lu , Jiadong Tu , Yuexin Ma , Xinge Zhu

Conventional end-to-end (E2E) driving models are effective at generating physically plausible trajectories, but often fail to generalize to long-tail scenarios due to the lack of essential world knowledge to understand and reason about…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Yu Gao , Anqing Jiang , Yiru Wang , Wang Jijun , Hao Jiang , Zhigang Sun , Heng Yuwen , Wang Shuo , Hao Zhao , Sun Hao

Embedding models are a fundamental component of modern AI systems such as semantic search and retrieval-augmented generation. Recent advances in large foundation models have substantially accelerated the development of embedding models,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zihang Wang , Siyue Zhang , Yilun Zhao , Jingyi Yang , Tingyu Song , Anh Tuan Luu , Chen Zhao

Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) can solve a wide range of tasks requiring visual reasoning. In real-world scenarios, desirable properties for VLMs include fast inference and controllable generation (e.g., constraining outputs to adhere…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Hritik Bansal , Akash Gokul , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Jason Kuen , Zhe Lin , Kai-Wei Chang , Aditya Grover

The advancement of autonomous driving technologies necessitates increasingly sophisticated methods for understanding and predicting real-world scenarios. Vision language models (VLMs) are emerging as revolutionary tools with significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yongjie Fu , Anmol Jain , Xuan Di , Xu Chen , Zhaobin Mo

Open-set perception in complex traffic environments poses a critical challenge for autonomous driving systems, particularly in identifying previously unseen object categories, which is vital for ensuring safety. Visual Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Fuhao Chang , Shuxin Li , Yabei Li , Lei He

Vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as a promising direction for end-to-end autonomous driving (AD) by jointly modeling visual observations, driving context, and language-based reasoning. However, existing VLM-based systems face a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ximeng Tao , Pardis Taghavi , Dimitar Filev , Reza Langari , Gaurav Pandey

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged in autonomous driving, with the promise of leveraging rich world knowledge to improve the cognitive capabilities of driving systems. However, adapting such models for driving tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yongkang Li , Lijun Zhou , Sixu Yan , Bencheng Liao , Tianyi Yan , Kaixin Xiong , Long Chen , Hongwei Xie , Bing Wang , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Wenyu Liu , Haiyang Sun , Xinggang Wang