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Recent advancements in deep learning have significantly enhanced content-based retrieval methods, notably through models like CLIP that map images and texts into a shared embedding space. However, these methods often struggle with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Nicola Messina , Lucia Vadicamo , Leo Maltese , Claudio Gennaro

While large scale pre-training has achieved great achievements in bridging the gap between vision and language, it still faces several challenges. First, the cost for pre-training is expensive. Second, there is no efficient way to handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Jue Wang , Haofan Wang , Jincan Deng , Weijia Wu , Debing Zhang

Federated prompt learning (FPL) for vision-language models is a powerful approach to collaboratively adapt models across distributed clients while preserving data privacy. However, existing FPL approaches suffer from a trade-off between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Xinting Liao , Weiming Liu , Jiaming Qian , Pengyang Zhou , Jiahe Xu , Wenjie Wang , Chaochao Chen , Xiaolin Zheng , Tat-Seng Chua

The Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model has been widely used in various downstream vision tasks. The few-shot learning paradigm has been widely adopted to augment its capacity for these tasks. However, current paradigms may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Jintao Rong , Hao Chen , Linlin Ou , Tianxiao Chen , Xinyi Yu , Yifan Liu

In privacy-preserving mobile network transmission scenarios with heterogeneous client data, personalized federated learning methods that decouple feature extractors and classifiers have demonstrated notable advantages in enhancing learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ming Yang , Dongrun Li , Xin Wang , Feng Li , Lisheng Fan , Chunxiao Wang , Xiaoming Wu , Peng Cheng

Contrastive vision-language models, such as CLIP, have garnered considerable attention for various downstream tasks, mainly due to the remarkable ability of the learned features for generalization. However, the features they learned often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Yichao Cai , Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable generalization in zero- and few-shot settings, but adapting them efficiently to decentralized, heterogeneous data remains a challenge. While prompt tuning has emerged as a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Ramtin Pedarsani

Prompt learning has surfaced as an effective approach to enhance the performance of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP when applied to downstream tasks. However, current learnable prompt tokens are primarily used for the single phase…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ge Wu , Xin Zhang , Zheng Li , Zhaowei Chen , Jiajun Liang , Jian Yang , Xiang Li

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization abilities. However, adapting these large-scale models to downstream tasks while preserving their generalization capabilities remains challenging.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Hao Zheng , Shunzhi Yang , Zhuoxin He , Jinfeng Yang , Zhenhua Huang

Few-shot, fine-grained classification in computer vision poses significant challenges due to the need to differentiate subtle class distinctions with limited data. This paper presents a novel method that enhances the Contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Eric Brouwer , Jan Erik van Woerden , Gertjan Burghouts , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Marco Zullich

Discriminative unsupervised learning methods such as contrastive learning have demonstrated the ability to learn generalized visual representations on centralized data. It is nonetheless challenging to adapt such methods to a distributed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yuewei Yang , Jingwei Sun , Ang Li , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

We propose Context-Adaptive Multi-Prompt Embedding, a novel approach to enrich semantic representations in vision-language contrastive learning. Unlike standard CLIP-style models that rely on a single text embedding, our method introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dahun Kim , Anelia Angelova

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) involves categorizing fine subdivisions within a broader category, which poses challenges due to subtle inter-class discrepancies and large intra-class variations. However, prevailing approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Xin Jiang , Hao Tang , Junyao Gao , Xiaoyu Du , Shengfeng He , Zechao Li

Prompt learning in pretrained visual-language models has shown remarkable flexibility across various downstream tasks. Leveraging its inherent lightweight nature, recent research attempted to integrate the powerful pretrained models into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Hongxia Li , Wei Huang , Jingya Wang , Ye Shi

The increase of web-scale weakly labelled image-text pairs have greatly facilitated the development of large-scale vision-language models (e.g., CLIP), which have shown impressive generalization performance over a series of downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Lianyu Hu , Tongkai Shi , Liqing Gao , Zekang Liu , Wei Feng

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has demonstrated impressive capabilities in open-vocabulary classification. The class token in the image encoder is trained to capture the global features to distinguish different text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yuqi Lin , Minghao Chen , Kaipeng Zhang , Hengjia Li , Mingming Li , Zheng Yang , Dongqin Lv , Binbin Lin , Haifeng Liu , Deng Cai

Pre-trained vision-language (V-L) models such as CLIP have shown excellent generalization ability to downstream tasks. However, they are sensitive to the choice of input text prompts and require careful selection of prompt templates to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Muhammad Uzair Khattak , Hanoona Rasheed , Muhammad Maaz , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Few-shot segmentation remains challenging due to the limitations of its labeling information for unseen classes. Most previous approaches rely on extracting high-level feature maps from the frozen visual encoder to compute the pixel-wise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Jin Wang , Bingfeng Zhang , Jian Pang , Honglong Chen , Weifeng Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong performance in zero-shot image classification tasks. However, existing methods, including Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), all rely on annotated text-to-image pairs for aligning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Dianxing Shi , Dingjie Fu , Yuqiao Liu , Jun Wang