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As the importance of comprehensive evaluation in workshop courses increases, there is a growing demand for efficient and fair assessment methods that reduce the workload for faculty members. This paper presents an evaluation conducted with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Toru Ishida , Tongxi Liu , Hailong Wang , William K. Cheung

This paper investigates the ability of large language models (LLMs) to solve statistical tasks, as well as their capacity to assess the quality of reasoning. While state-of-the-art LLMs have demonstrated remarkable performance in a range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Crish Nagarkar , Leonid Bogachev , Serge Sharoff

We present Logics-STEM, a state-of-the-art reasoning model fine-tuned on Logics-STEM-SFT-Dataset, a high-quality and diverse dataset at 10M scale that represents one of the largest-scale open-source long chain-of-thought corpora.…

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has gained traction for its ability to learn rich representations with low labeling costs, applicable across diverse downstream tasks. However, assessing the downstream-task performance remains challenging due…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Takashi Maekaku , Keita Goto , Jinchuan Tian , Yusuke Shinohara , Shinji Watanabe

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support the analysis of complex financial disclosures, yet their reliability, behavioral consistency, and transparency remain insufficiently understood in high-stakes settings. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Talha Mohsin

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to great strides in model capabilities like long-context understanding and reasoning. However, as LLMs are able to process longer contexts, it becomes more challenging to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Fangyu Lei , Qian Liu , Yiming Huang , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

The exponential growth of text-based data in domains such as healthcare, education, and social sciences has outpaced the capacity of traditional qualitative analysis methods, which are time-intensive and prone to subjectivity. Large…

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has shifted language model evaluation toward reasoning and problem-solving tasks as measures of general intelligence. Small Language Models (SLMs) -- defined here as models under 10B parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Gabriel Benedict , Matthew Butler , Naved Merchant , Eetu Salama-Laine

Course evaluation plays a critical role in ensuring instructional quality and guiding curriculum development in higher education. However, traditional evaluation methods, such as student surveys, classroom observations, and expert reviews,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Bo Yuan , Jiazi Hu

Benchmarks are often used as a standard to understand LLM capabilities in different domains. However, aggregate benchmark scores provide limited insight into compositional skill gaps of LLMs and how to improve them. To make these weaknesses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Sungeun An , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Shailja Thakur , Chad DeLuca , Hima Patel

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

Large language model (LLM) simulations of human behavior have the potential to revolutionize the social and behavioral sciences, if and only if they faithfully reflect real human behaviors. Current evaluations of simulation fidelity are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiancheng Hu , Joachim Baumann , Lorenzo Lupo , Nigel Collier , Dirk Hovy , Paul Röttger

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used for downstream tasks such as tabular classification, where ensuring fairness in their outputs is critical for inclusivity, equal representation, and responsible AI deployment. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Garima Chhikara , Kripabandhu Ghosh , Abhijnan Chakraborty

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a broad spectrum of tasks, including natural language understanding, dialogue systems, and code generation. Despite evident progress, less attention has been paid…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Manuel Alejandro Borroto Santana , Erica Coppolillo , Francesco Calimeri , Giuseppe Manco , Simona Perri , Francesco Ricca

Small Language Models (SLMs) have gained substantial attention due to their ability to execute diverse language tasks successfully while using fewer computer resources. These models are particularly ideal for deployment in limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Tanjil Hasan Sakib , Md. Tanzib Hosain , Md. Kishor Morol

The current focus of AI research is shifting from emphasizing model training towards enhancing evaluation quality, a transition that is crucial for driving further advancements in AI systems. Traditional evaluation methods typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chi-Min Chan , Chunpu Xu , Jiaming Ji , Zhen Ye , Pengcheng Wen , Chunyang Jiang , Yaodong Yang , Wei Xue , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

We propose a statistical framework built on latent variable modeling for scaling laws of large language models (LLMs). Our work is motivated by the rapid emergence of numerous new LLM families with distinct architectures and training…

The evaluation of generative or discriminative large language model (LLM)-based systems is often a complex multi-dimensional problem. Typically, a set of system configuration alternatives are evaluated on one or more benchmark datasets,…

Applications · Statistics 2025-01-31 Samuel Ackerman , Eitan Farchi , Orna Raz , Assaf Toledo

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

The popular success of text-based large language models (LLM) has streamlined the attention of the multimodal community to combine other modalities like vision and audio along with text to achieve similar multimodal capabilities. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Debarpan Bhattacharya , Apoorva Kulkarni , Sriram Ganapathy