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Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as the dominant paradigm for robotic task planning using natural language instructions. However, trained on general internet data, LLMs are not inherently aligned with the embodiment, skill sets,…

This paper presents an improved system based on our prior work, designed to create explanations for autonomous robot actions during Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). Previously, we developed a system that used Large Language Models (LLMs) to…

Robot grasping of desktop object is widely used in intelligent manufacturing, logistics, and agriculture.Although vision-language models (VLMs) show strong potential for robotic manipulation, their deployment in low-level grasping faces key…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yiran Ling , Wenxuan Li , Siying Dong , Yize Zhang , Xiaoyao Huang , Jing Jiang , Ruonan Li , Jie Liu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have excelled in multimodal tasks, but adapting them to embodied decision-making in open-world environments presents challenges. One critical issue is bridging the gap between discrete entities in low-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Shaofei Cai , Zihao Wang , Kewei Lian , Zhancun Mu , Xiaojian Ma , Anji Liu , Yitao Liang

Classical planning systems have shown great advances in utilizing rule-based human knowledge to compute accurate plans for service robots, but they face challenges due to the strong assumptions of perfect perception and action executions.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Xiaohan Zhang , Yan Ding , Saeid Amiri , Hao Yang , Andy Kaminski , Chad Esselink , Shiqi Zhang

Enabling home-assistant robots to perceive and manipulate a diverse range of 3D objects based on human language instructions is a pivotal challenge. Prior research has predominantly focused on simplistic and task-oriented instructions,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Ran Xu , Yan Shen , Xiaoqi Li , Ruihai Wu , Hao Dong

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) requires an agent to ground language instructions to its own movement within a visual environment. While state-of-the-art methods leverage the reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for…

Large language models (LLMs) have unlocked new capabilities of task planning from human instructions. However, prior attempts to apply LLMs to real-world robotic tasks are limited by the lack of grounding in the surrounding scene. In this…

Vision language models (VLMs) are an exciting emerging class of language models (LMs) that have merged classic LM capabilities with those of image processing systems. However, the ways that these capabilities combine are not always…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Qiucheng Wu , Handong Zhao , Michael Saxon , Trung Bui , William Yang Wang , Yang Zhang , Shiyu Chang

Vision-language navigation (VLN) has emerged as a promising paradigm, enabling mobile robots to perform zero-shot inference and execute tasks without specific pre-programming. However, current systems often separate map exploration and path…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Yuxuan Zhang , Adnan Abdullah , Sanjeev J. Koppal , Md Jahidul Islam

In embodied AI, visual perception should be active rather than passive: the system must decide where to look and at what scale to sense to acquire maximally informative data under pixel and spatial budget constraints. Existing vision models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiashu Yang , Yifan Han , Yucheng Xie , Ning Guo , Wenzhao Lian

Vision-language-action (VLA) models for closed-loop robot control are typically cast under the Markov assumption, making them prone to errors on tasks requiring historical context. To incorporate memory, existing VLAs either retrieve from a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hang Li , Fengyi Shen , Dong Chen , Liudi Yang , Xudong Wang , Jinkui Shi , Zhenshan Bing , Ziyuan Liu , Alois Knoll

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

Improving the effectiveness of human-robot interaction requires social robots to accurately infer human goals through robust intention understanding. This challenge is particularly critical in multimodal settings, where agents must…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hamed Rahimi , Clemence Grislain , Adrien Jacquet Cretides , Olivier Sigaud , Mohamed Chetouani

Desktop cleaning demands open-vocabulary recognition and precise manipulation for heterogeneous debris. We propose a hierarchical framework integrating reflective Vision-Language Model (VLM) planning with dual-arm execution via structured…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yufan Liu , Yi Wu , Gweneth Ge , Haoliang Cheng , Rui Liu

To facilitate the wider adoption of robotics, accessible programming tools are required for non-experts. Observational learning enables intuitive human skills transfer through hands-on demonstrations, but relying solely on visual input can…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Elena Merlo , Marta Lagomarsino , Arash Ajoudani

This study focuses on Embodied Complex-Question Answering task, which means the embodied robot need to understand human questions with intricate structures and abstract semantics. The core of this task lies in making appropriate plans based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ning Lan , Baoshan Ou , Xuemei Xie , Guangming Shi

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in scene understanding and perception tasks, enabling robots to plan and execute actions adaptively in dynamic environments. However, most multimodal large language models lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Guoqin Tang , Qingxuan Jia , Zeyuan Huang , Gang Chen , Ning Ji , Zhipeng Yao

In complex embodied long-horizon manipulation tasks, effective task decomposition and execution require synergistic integration of textual logical reasoning and visual-spatial imagination to ensure efficient and accurate operation. Current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Xinyan Cai , Shiguang Wu , Dafeng Chi , Yuzheng Zhuang , Xingyue Quan , Jianye Hao , Qiang Guan

Vision Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate significant potential as embodied AI agents for various mobility applications. However, a standardized, closed-loop benchmark for evaluating their spatial reasoning and sequential decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Weizhen Wang , Chenda Duan , Zhenghao Peng , Yuxin Liu , Bolei Zhou