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Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, central to operation research and theoretical computer science, present significant computational challenges due to their NP-hard nature. While large language models (LLMs) have emerged as promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xijun Li , Jiexiang Yang , Jinghao Wang , Bo Peng , Jianguo Yao , Haibing Guan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, and their multimodal expansions (MLLMs) further unlock capabilities spanning images, videos, and other modalities beyond text. However, despite this shift, prompt optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Yumin Choi , Dongki Kim , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

While large language models (LLMs) have recently made tremendous progress towards solving challenging AI problems, they have done so at increasingly steep computational and API costs. We propose a novel strategy where we combine multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wenwen Si , Sooyong Jang , Insup Lee , Osbert Bastani

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is critical for enhancing LLMs' safety, helpfulness, humor, faithfulness, etc. Current reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) mainly focuses on a fixed reward learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Qiang He , Yucheng Yang , Tianyi Zhou , Meng Fang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Setareh Maghsudi

Building on advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), we can tackle complex analytical and mathematical reasoning tasks requiring nuanced contextual understanding. A prime example of such complex tasks is modelling resource allocation…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Tasnim Ahmed , Siana Rizwan , Naveed Ejaz , Salimur Choudhury

Multi-Objective Alignment (MOA) aims to align LLMs' responses with multiple human preference objectives, with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) emerging as a prominent approach. However, we find that DPO-based MOA approaches suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Moxin Li , Yuantao Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Wentao Shi , Zhuo Liu , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems. However, EAs often demand carefully-designed operators with the aid of domain expertise to achieve satisfactory…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Shengcai Liu , Caishun Chen , Xinghua Qu , Ke Tang , Yew-Soon Ong

Many real-world optimization problems such as engineering design can be eventually modeled as the corresponding multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs) which must be solved to obtain approximate Pareto optimal fronts. Multiobjective…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Wang Chen , Jian Chen , Weitian Wu , Xinmin Yang , Hui Li

This paper proposes a novel constraint-handling mechanism named angle-based constrained dominance principle (ACDP) embedded in a decomposition-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA/D) to solve constrained multi-objective…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Zhun Fan , Yi Fang , Wenji Li , Xinye Cai , Caimin Wei , Erik Goodman

Significantly simplifying the creation of optimization models for real-world business problems has long been a major goal in applying mathematical optimization more widely to important business and societal decisions. The recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Segev Wasserkrug , Leonard Boussioux , Dick den Hertog , Farzaneh Mirzazadeh , Ilker Birbil , Jannis Kurtz , Donato Maragno

Recent decades have witnessed great advancements in multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) for multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs). However, these progressively improved MOEAs have not necessarily been equipped with scalable…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Songbai Liu , Qiuzhen Lin , Jianqiang Li , Kay Chen Tan

Multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) have been successfully applied to a number of constrained optimization problems. Many of them adopt mutation and crossover operators from differential evolution. However, these operators do not…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Wei Huang , Tao Xu , Kangshun Li , Jun He

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), LLM-based heuristic search methods have demonstrated strong capabilities in automated algorithm generation. However, their evolutionary processes often suffer from instability and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yu-Nian Wang , Shen-Huan Lyu , Ning Chen , Jia-Le Xu , Baoliu Ye , Qingfu Zhang

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) design space exploration (DSE) seeks Pareto-optimal designs within expansive pragma configuration spaces. To accelerate HLS DSE, graph neural networks (GNNs) are commonly employed as surrogates for HLS tools to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Lei Xu , Shanshan Wang , Chenglong Xiao

Recent advanced large language models (LLMs) have showcased their emergent capability of in-context learning, facilitating intelligent decision-making through natural language prompts without retraining. This new machine learning paradigm…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xinxin Zhang , Zhuoqun Xu , Guangpu Zhu , Chien Ming Jonathan Tay , Yongdong Cui , Boo Cheong Khoo , Lailai Zhu

Despite recent progress in constructing generalizable parallel algorithm portfolios (PAPs), no general-purpose approach is yet available for multi-objective binary optimization problems (MOBOPs). To fill this gap, this paper proposes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhiyuan Wang , Shengcai Liu , Shaofeng Zhang , Ke Tang

Multimodal multi-objective problems (MMOPs) commonly arise in real-world problems where distant solutions in decision space correspond to very similar objective values. To obtain all solutions for MMOPs, many multimodal multi-objective…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Wenhua Li , Tao Zhang , Rui Wang , Jing Liang

To solve real-world expensive constrained multi-objective optimization problems (ECMOPs), surrogate/approximation models are commonly incorporated in evolutionary algorithms to pre-select promising candidate solutions for evaluation.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Kamrul Hasan Rahi

Multi-modal multi-objective optimization problems (MMMOPs) have multiple subsets within the Pareto-optimal Set, each independently mapping to the same Pareto-Front. Prevalent multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are not purely designed…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Monalisa Pal , Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess substantial reasoning capabilities and are increasingly applied to optimization tasks, particularly in synergy with evolutionary computation. However, while recent surveys have explored specific aspects…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yisong Zhang , Ran Cheng , Guoxing Yi , Kay Chen Tan