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Impairment of hand functions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) severely disrupts activities of daily living. Recent advances have enabled rehabilitation assisted by robotic devices to augment the residual function of the muscles.…

Objective: An electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the human brain and a computer. Due to individual differences and non-stationarity of EEG signals, such BCIs usually require…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Siyang Li , Ziwei Wang , Hanbin Luo , Lieyun Ding , Dongrui Wu

Mental Imagery based Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCI) are a mean to control digital technologies by performing MI tasks alone. Throughout MI-BCI use, human supervision (e.g., experimenter or caregiver) plays a central role. While…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Aline Roc , Léa Pillette , B. N'Kaoua , Fabien Lotte

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) often suffer from limited robustness and poor long-term adaptability. Model performance rapidly degrades when user attention fluctuates, brain states shift over time, or irregular artifacts appear during…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-12 Yeon-Woo Choi , Hye-Bin Shin , Dan Li

This manuscript presented brain-computer interface (STM32 and ADS1299) with the embedded board with sensors to monitor the subject's state and environment. To reduce power consumption and device size, we used sensors made in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Ildar Rakhmatulin

In this study, we illustrate the progress of BCI research and present scores of unveiled contemporary approaches. First, we explore a decoding natural speech approach that is designed to decode human speech directly from the human brain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Maria Valero , Hossain Shahriar

In this article, we explore the availability of head-mounted display (HMD) devices which can be coupled in a seamless way with P300-based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) using electroencephalography (EEG). The P300 is an event-related…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Anton Andreev , Grégoire Cattan , M Congedo

Motor Imagery (MI) is an emerging Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigm where a person imagines body movements without physical action. By decoding scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals, BCIs establish direct communication…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiani Cao , Kun Wang , Yang Liu , Zhenjiang Li

The key to electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) lies in neural decoding, and its accuracy can be improved by using hybrid BCI paradigms, that is, fusing multiple paradigms. However, hybrid BCIs usually require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Wenwei Luo , Wanguang Yin , Quanying Liu , Youzhi Qu

Brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the brain and external devices by decoding neural signals, offering potential solutions for individuals with motor impairments. This study explores the neural signatures of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-12 Si-Hyun Kim , Sung-Jin Kim , Dae-Hyeok Lee

Brain-controlled vehicle (BCV) is an already established technology usually designed for disabled patients. This review focuses on the most relevant topics on the brain controlling vehicles, especially considering terrestrial BCV (e.g.,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Amin Hekmatmanesh , Pedro H. J. Nardelli , Heikki Handroos

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies have been widely used in many areas. In particular, non-invasive technologies such as electroencephalography (EEG) or near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been used to detect motor imagery,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Zhe Sun , Zihao Huang , Feng Duan , Yu Liu

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Steady State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) have proven effective and provide significant accuracy and information-transfer rates. This family of strategies, however, requires external devices…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Arturo Micheli , Davide Consoli , Adrien Merlini , Paolo Ricci , Francesco P. Andriulli

A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising technology for enhancing virtual reality (VR) applications-in particular, for gaming. We focus on the so-called P300-BCI, a stable and accurate BCI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Grégoire Cattan , Anton Andreev , Cesar Mendoza , Marco Congedo

A major issue in Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) is their poor classification accuracy and the large amount of data that is required for subject-specific calibration. This makes BCIs less accessible to general users in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Maryam Alimardani , Steven Kocken , Nikki Leeuwis

Brain-computer interface (BCI) aims to decode motor intent from noninvasive neural signals to enable control of external devices, but practical deployment remains limited by noise and variability in motor imagery (MI)-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Si-Hyun Kim , Heon-Gyu Kwak , Byoung-Hee Kwon , Seong-Whan Lee

Designs for implanted brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have increased significantly in recent years. Each device promises better clinical outcomes and quality-of-life improvements, yet due to severe and inflexible safety constraints,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Muhammed Ugur , Raghavendra Pradyumna Pothukuchi , Abhishek Bhattacharjee

While search technologies have evolved to be robust and ubiquitous, the fundamental interaction paradigm has remained relatively stable for decades. With the maturity of the Brain-Machine Interface, we build an efficient and effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Xuesong Chen , Ziyi Ye , Xiaohui Xie , Yiqun Liu , Weihang Su , Shuqi Zhu , Min Zhang , Shaoping Ma

A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on the motor imagery (MI) paradigm translates one's motor intention into a control signal by classifying the Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal of different tasks. However, most existing systems either…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Eitan Netzer , Alex Frid , Dan Feldman

Motivated by the inconceivable capability of the human brain in simultaneously processing multi-modal signals and its real-time feedback to the outer world events, there has been a surge of interest in establishing a communication bridge…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-04 Soroosh Shahtalebi , Amir Asif , Arash Mohammadi