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Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing tasks successfully. Yet, their large size and high computational needs pose challenges for practical use, especially in resource-limited settings. Model compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have complicated internal dynamics, but induce representations of words and phrases whose geometry we can study. Human language processing is also opaque, but neural response measurements can provide (noisy)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jiaang Li , Antonia Karamolegkou , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Mostafa Abdou , Sune Lehmann , Anders Søgaard

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable flexibility: they can adapt to novel tasks from in-context examples without any parameter updates, a capability known as in-context learning (ICL). Prior work on synthetic tasks has shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hua-Dong Xiong , Li Ji-An , Robert C. Wilson , Kwonjoon Lee , Xue-Xin Wei

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) follow the paradigm that perceives visual information by aligning visual features with the input space of Large Language Models (LLMs), and concatenating visual tokens with text tokens to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Feipeng Ma , Hongwei Xue , Guangting Wang , Yizhou Zhou , Fengyun Rao , Shilin Yan , Yueyi Zhang , Siying Wu , Mike Zheng Shou , Xiaoyan Sun

Recent works have shown a surprising result: a small fraction of Large Language Model (LLM) parameter outliers are disproportionately important to the quality of the model. LLMs contain billions of parameters, so these small fractions, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Mengxia Yu , De Wang , Qi Shan , Colorado J Reed , Alvin Wan

The evolving capabilities of large language models are accompanied by growing sizes and deployment costs, necessitating effective inference optimisation techniques. We propose a novel pruning method utilising centrality measures from graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 David Hoffmann , Kailash Budhathoki , Matthaeus Kleindessner

Visual-language models (VLMs) have recently been introduced in robotic mapping using the latent representations, i.e., embeddings, of the VLMs to represent semantics in the map. They allow moving from a limited set of human-created labels…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Matti Pekkanen , Tsvetomila Mihaylova , Francesco Verdoja , Ville Kyrki

Large language models have shown impressive results for multi-hop mathematical reasoning when the input question is only textual. Many mathematical reasoning problems, however, contain both text and image. With the ever-increasing adoption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Mehran Kazemi , Hamidreza Alvari , Ankit Anand , Jialin Wu , Xi Chen , Radu Soricut

In the rapidly evolving domain of Natural Language Generation (NLG) evaluation, introducing Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new avenues for assessing generated content quality, e.g., coherence, creativity, and context relevance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zhen Li , Xiaohan Xu , Tao Shen , Can Xu , Jia-Chen Gu , Yuxuan Lai , Chongyang Tao , Shuai Ma

In recent years, compression of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an important problem to enable language model deployment on resource-constrained devices, reduce computational costs, and mitigate the environmental footprint of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Sean I. Young

Large language models (LLMs) leverage deep learning architectures to process and predict sequences of words, enabling them to perform a wide range of natural language processing tasks, such as translation, summarization, question answering,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Mohammad Shahedur Rahman , Peng Gao , Yuede Ji

Equation discovery is aimed at directly extracting physical laws from data and has emerged as a pivotal research domain. Previous methods based on symbolic mathematics have achieved substantial advancements, but often require the design of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Mengge Du , Yuntian Chen , Zhongzheng Wang , Longfeng Nie , Dongxiao Zhang

Geometric understanding - including depth and height perception - is fundamental to intelligence and crucial for navigating our environment. Despite the impressive capabilities of large Vision Language Models (VLMs), it remains unclear how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Shehreen Azad , Yash Jain , Rishit Garg , Yogesh S Rawat , Vibhav Vineet

Deep Language Models (DLMs) provide a novel computational paradigm for understanding the mechanisms of natural language processing in the human brain. Unlike traditional psycholinguistic models, DLMs use layered sequences of continuous…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by achieving state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. Recently, their effectiveness as embedding models has gained attention, marking a paradigm shift…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Zhen Li , Kai Hua , Wenpeng Hu , Zhengwei Tao , Shuai Ma

Embeddings have become a pivotal means to represent complex, multi-faceted information about entities, concepts, and relationships in a condensed and useful format. Nevertheless, they often preclude direct interpretation. While downstream…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate ever-increasing abilities in mathematical and algorithmic tasks, yet their geometric reasoning skills are underexplored. We investigate LLMs' abilities in constructive geometric problem-solving one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Spyridon Mouselinos , Henryk Michalewski , Mateusz Malinowski

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, storing and transmitting them on edge devices becomes increasingly challenging. Traditional methods like quantization and pruning struggle to achieve extreme compression of LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ye Tian , Chengcheng Wang , Jing Han , Yehui Tang , Kai Han

The exponential growth of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has revolutionized artificial intelligence, offering unprecedented capabilities in natural language processing. However, the extensive computational resources required for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ashhadul Islam , Samir Brahim Belhaouari , Amine Bermak