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Modelling and understanding time remains a challenge in contemporary video understanding models. With language emerging as a key driver towards powerful generalization, it is imperative for foundational video-language models to have a sense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Piyush Bagad , Makarand Tapaswi , Cees G. M. Snoek

Existing video understanding benchmarks often conflate knowledge-based and purely image-based questions, rather than clearly isolating a model's temporal reasoning ability, which is the key aspect that distinguishes video understanding from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Bo Feng , Zhengfeng Lai , Shiyu Li , Zizhen Wang , Simon Wang , Ping Huang , Meng Cao

After a decade of prosperity, the development of video understanding has reached a critical juncture, where the sole reliance on massive data and complex architectures is no longer a one-size-fits-all solution to all situations. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Li Yicong

Recent advancements in Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) have enabled strong performance across diverse multimodal video tasks. To reduce the high computational cost of processing dense video frames, efficiency-oriented methods such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yeonkyung Lee , Dayun Ju , Youngmin Kim , Seil Kang , Seong Jae Hwang

The unprecedented surge in video data production in recent years necessitates efficient tools to extract meaningful frames from videos for downstream tasks. Long-term temporal reasoning is a key desideratum for frame retrieval systems.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Minkyu Choi , Harsh Goel , Mohammad Omama , Yunhao Yang , Sahil Shah , Sandeep Chinchali

In-context learning is governed by both temporal and semantic relationships, shaping how Large Language Models (LLMs) retrieve contextual information. Analogous to human episodic memory, where the retrieval of specific events is enabled by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anooshka Bajaj , Deven Mahesh Mistry , Sahaj Singh Maini , Yash Aggarwal , Zoran Tiganj

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly improved performance across various image-language applications. Recently, there has been a growing interest in adapting image pre-trained MLLMs for video-related tasks. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Mingze Gao , Jingyu Liu , Mingda Li , Jiangtao Xie , Qingbin Liu , Bo Zhao , Xi Chen , Hui Xiong

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in video comprehension, yet they struggle with tracking temporal changes and reasoning about temporal relationships. While previous research attributed this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Lei Li , Yuanxin Liu , Linli Yao , Peiyuan Zhang , Chenxin An , Lean Wang , Xu Sun , Lingpeng Kong , Qi Liu

Despite the impressive performance of vision-language models (VLMs) on downstream tasks, their ability to understand and reason about causal relationships in visual inputs remains unclear. Robust causal reasoning is fundamental to solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhaotian Weng , Haoxuan Li , Xin Eric Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Jieyu Zhao

Temporal awareness is essential for video large language models (LLMs) to understand and reason about events within long videos, enabling applications like dense video captioning and temporal video grounding in a unified system. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Andong Deng , Zhongpai Gao , Anwesa Choudhuri , Benjamin Planche , Meng Zheng , Bin Wang , Terrence Chen , Chen Chen , Ziyan Wu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to significant breakthroughs in video understanding. However, existing models still struggle with long video processing due to the context length constraint of LLMs and the vast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haoran Hao , Jiaming Han , Yiyuan Zhang , Xiangyu Yue

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased impressive capabilities in text comprehension and generation, prompting research efforts towards video LLMs to facilitate human-AI interaction at the video level. However, how to effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ruyang Liu , Chen Li , Haoran Tang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Ge Li

Properly evaluating the ability of Video-Language Models (VLMs) to understand long videos remains a challenge. We propose a long-context video understanding benchmark, Causal2Needles, that assesses two crucial abilities insufficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Miaoyu Li , Qin Chao , Boyang Li

Video large language models (Video-LLMs) can temporally ground language queries and retrieve video moments. Yet, such temporal comprehension capabilities are neither well-studied nor understood. So we conduct a study on prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Minjoon Jung , Junbin Xiao , Byoung-Tak Zhang , Angela Yao

The core challenge in video understanding lies in perceiving dynamic content changes over time. However, multimodal large language models struggle with temporal-sensitive video tasks, which requires generating timestamps to mark the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Henghao Zhao , Ge-Peng Ji , Rui Yan , Huan Xiong , Zechao Li

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced the comprehension of multimedia content, bringing together diverse modalities such as text, images, and videos. However, a critical challenge faced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Li Sun , Liuan Wang , Jun Sun , Takayuki Okatani

Cause-and-effect reasoning in video is a significant challenge for Vision-Language Models (VLMs), as it requires going beyond surface-level perception to a deeper understanding of causal mechanisms. However, existing benchmarks rarely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Mingfang Zhang , Jingjing Pan , Ashutosh Kumar , Rajat Saini , Mustafa Erdogan , Hsuan-Kung Yang , Caixin Kang , Yifei Huang , Yoichi Sato , Quan Kong

Temporally localizing user-queried events through natural language is a crucial capability for video models. Recent methods predominantly adapt video LLMs to generate event boundary timestamps for temporal localization tasks, which struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zongshang Pang , Mayu Otani , Yuta Nakashima

In this paper, we propose to learn temporal embeddings of video frames for complex video analysis. Large quantities of unlabeled video data can be easily obtained from the Internet. These videos possess the implicit weak label that they are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Vignesh Ramanathan , Kevin Tang , Greg Mori , Li Fei-Fei

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have made significant strides in static image understanding but continue to face critical hurdles in spatiotemporal reasoning. A major bottleneck is "multi-image reasoning hallucination", where a massive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaoda Yang , Shuai Yang , Can Wang , Jingyang Xue , Menglan Tang , Checheng Yu , Xunzhe Zhou , Sashuai Zhou , Tao Jin , Lixin Yang , Xiangyu Yue , Zhou Zhao