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In the domain of Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML), Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is often used for encrypted computation to allow secure and privacy-preserving outsourcing of machine learning modeling. While FHE enables…
Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning approach that promises privacy by keeping the data on the device. However, gradient reconstruction and membership-inference attacks show that model updates still leak information.…
Large language models (LLMs) offer personalized responses based on user interactions, but this use case raises serious privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a cryptographic protocol supporting arithmetic computations in encrypted…
Activation functions are essential for deep learning methods to learn and perform complex tasks such as image classification. Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) has been widely used and become the default activation function across the deep…
The choice of activation functions in deep networks has a significant effect on the training dynamics and task performance. Currently, the most successful and widely-used activation function is the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU). Although…
Convolutional neural network (CNN) inference using fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is a promising private inference (PI) solution due to the capability of FHE that enables offloading the whole computation process to the server while…
Deep networks are gradually penetrating almost every domain in our lives due to their amazing success. However, with substantive performance accuracy improvements comes the price of \emph{irreproducibility}. Two identical models, trained on…
Federated learning (FL) enables distributed computation of machine learning models over various disparate, remote data sources, without requiring to transfer any individual data to a centralized location. This results in an improved…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), particularly the CKKS scheme, is a promising enabler for privacy-preserving MLaaS, but its practical deployment faces a prohibitive barrier: it heavily relies on domain expertise. Configuring CKKS…
Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has become a growing trend in recent years and several such services are currently offered. MLaaS is essentially a set of services that provides machine learning tools and capabilities as part of cloud…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables privacy-preserving computation and has many applications. However, its practical implementation faces massive computation and memory overheads. To address this bottleneck, several…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows arbitrarily complex computations on encrypted data without ever needing to decrypt it, thus enabling us to maintain data privacy on third-party systems. Unfortunately, sustaining deep computations…
Secure inference of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) under RNS-CKKS involves polynomial approximation of unsupported non-linear activation functions. However, existing approaches have three main limitations: 1) Inflexibility: The…
In the field of pattern recognition, achieving high accuracy is essential. While training a model to recognize different complex images, it is vital to fine-tune the model to achieve the highest accuracy possible. One strategy for…
Smart mobility is a promising approach to meet urban transport needs in an environmentally and and user-friendly way. Smart mobility computes itineraries with multiple means of transportation, e.g., trams, rental bikes or electric scooters,…
This paper proposes a fully homomorphic encryption encapsulated difference expansion (FHEE-DE) scheme for reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDH-ED). In the proposed scheme, we use key-switching and bootstrapping techniques to…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) imposes substantial memory bandwidth demands, presenting significant challenges for efficient hardware acceleration. Near-memory Processing (NMP) has emerged as a promising architectural solution to…
This paper presents \textit{OFHE}, an electro-optical accelerator designed to process Discretized TFHE (DTFHE) operations, which encrypt multi-bit messages and support homomorphic multiplications, lookup table operations and full-domain…
Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables privacy preserving computation but it suffers from high latency and memory consumption. The computations are secured with special keys called rotation keys which often take up the majority of…
Traditional approaches to vector similarity search over encrypted data rely on fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) to enable computation without decryption. However, the substantial computational overhead of FHE makes it impractical for…