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Standard mixed-precision training of neural networks requires many bytes of accelerator memory for each model parameter. These bytes reflect not just the parameter itself, but also its gradient and one or more optimizer state variables.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jose Javier Gonzalez Ortiz , Abhay Gupta , Christopher Rinard , Davis Blalock

This work focuses on leveraging and selecting from vast, unlabeled, open data to pre-fine-tune a pre-trained language model. The goal is to minimize the need for costly domain-specific data for subsequent fine-tuning while achieving desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Feiyang Kang , Hoang Anh Just , Yifan Sun , Himanshu Jahagirdar , Yuanzhi Zhang , Rongxing Du , Anit Kumar Sahu , Ruoxi Jia

Current language model training commonly applies multi-task Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using a homogeneous compute budget across all sub-datasets. This approach is fundamentally sub-optimal: heterogeneous learning dynamics cause…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Woosung Koh , Jeyoung Jeon , Youngjin Song , Yujin Cheon , Soowon Oh , Jaehyeong Choi , Se-Young Yun

As the landscape of large language models expands, efficiently finetuning for specific tasks becomes increasingly crucial. At the same time, the landscape of parameter-efficient finetuning methods rapidly expands. Consequently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tobias Strangmann , Lennart Purucker , Jörg K. H. Franke , Ivo Rapant , Fabio Ferreira , Frank Hutter

The pre-trained multi-lingual XLSR model generalizes well for language identification after fine-tuning on unseen languages. However, the performance significantly degrades when the languages are not very distinct from each other, for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Shangeth Rajaa , Kriti Anandan , Swaraj Dalmia , Tarun Gupta , Eng Siong Chng

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models for downstream tasks remains a critical challenge in natural language processing. This paper presents an empirical analysis comparing two efficient fine-tuning methods - BitFit and adapter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Nigel Doering , Cyril Gorlla , Trevor Tuttle , Adhvaith Vijay

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance through Supervised Fine-tuning (SFT) on diverse instructional datasets. When training on multiple capabilities simultaneously, the mixture training dataset, governed by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chenlin Ming , Chendi Qu , Mengzhang Cai , Qizhi Pei , Zhuoshi Pan , Yu Li , Xiaoming Duan , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

Standard fine-tuning of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) for downstream tasks requires updating hundreds of millions to billions of parameters, and storing a large copy of the PLM weights for every task resulting in increased cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Yaqing Wang , Sahaj Agarwal , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Gao , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Jianfeng Gao

Standard fine-tuning of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) for downstream tasks requires updating hundreds of millions to billions of parameters, and storing a large copy of the PLM weights for every task resulting in increased cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Yaqing Wang , Sahaj Agarwal , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Gao , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Jianfeng Gao

Datasets for training object recognition systems are steadily increasing in size. This paper investigates the question of whether existing detectors will continue to improve as data grows, or saturate in performance due to limited model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-03-06 Xiangxin Zhu , Carl Vondrick , Charless Fowlkes , Deva Ramanan

In natural language processing, it has been observed recently that generalization could be greatly improved by finetuning a large-scale language model pretrained on a large unlabeled corpus. Despite its recent success and wide adoption,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Cheolhyoung Lee , Kyunghyun Cho , Wanmo Kang

Increasingly large imitation learning datasets are being collected with the goal of training foundation models for robotics. However, despite the fact that data selection has been of utmost importance in vision and natural language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Joey Hejna , Chethan Bhateja , Yichen Jiang , Karl Pertsch , Dorsa Sadigh

We consider Bayesian optimization of an expensive-to-evaluate black-box objective function, where we also have access to cheaper approximations of the objective. In general, such approximations arise in applications such as reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-16 Matthias Poloczek , Jialei Wang , Peter I. Frazier

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

In this paper, we bridge the gap between hyperparameter optimization and ensemble learning by performing Bayesian optimization of an ensemble with regards to its hyperparameters. Our method consists in building a fixed-size ensemble,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Julien-Charles Lévesque , Christian Gagné , Robert Sabourin

Many contemporary machine learning models require extensive tuning of hyperparameters to perform well. A variety of methods, such as Bayesian optimization, have been developed to automate and expedite this process. However, tuning remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Setareh Ariafar , Zelda Mariet , Ehsan Elhamifar , Dana Brooks , Jennifer Dy , Jasper Snoek

The data mixture used in the pre-training of a language model is a cornerstone of its final performance. However, a static mixing strategy is suboptimal, as the model's learning preferences for various data domains shift dynamically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yifan Wang , Binbin Liu , Fengze Liu , Yuanfan Guo , Jiyao Deng , Xuecheng Wu , Weidong Zhou , Xiaohuan Zhou , Taifeng Wang

An appropriate choice of batch sizes in large-scale model training is crucial, yet it involves an intrinsic yet inevitable dilemma: large-batch training improves training efficiency in terms of memory utilization, while generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Tim Tsz-Kit Lau , Weijian Li , Chenwei Xu , Han Liu , Mladen Kolar

Bayesian optimization has become a successful tool for hyperparameter optimization of machine learning algorithms, such as support vector machines or deep neural networks. Despite its success, for large datasets, training and validating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Aaron Klein , Stefan Falkner , Simon Bartels , Philipp Hennig , Frank Hutter

When selecting data for training large-scale models, standard practice is to filter for examples that match human notions of data quality. Such filtering yields qualitatively clean datapoints that intuitively should improve model behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Logan Engstrom , Axel Feldmann , Aleksander Madry