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Current End-to-End Autonomous Driving (E2E-AD) methods resort to unifying modular designs for various tasks (e.g. perception, prediction and planning). Although optimized with a fully differentiable framework in a planning-oriented manner,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Haisheng Su , Wei Wu , Zhenjie Yang , Isabel Guan

We present a new interaction mechanism of prediction and planning for end-to-end autonomous driving, called PPAD (Iterative Interaction of Prediction and Planning Autonomous Driving), which considers the timestep-wise interaction to better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zhili Chen , Maosheng Ye , Shuangjie Xu , Tongyi Cao , Qifeng Chen

End-to-end autonomous driving aims to build a fully differentiable system that takes raw sensor data as inputs and directly outputs the planned trajectory or control signals of the ego vehicle. State-of-the-art methods usually follow the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xiaosong Jia , Yulu Gao , Li Chen , Junchi Yan , Patrick Langechuan Liu , Hongyang Li

End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a promising paradigm integrating perception, decision-making, and control within a unified learning framework. Recently, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have gained significant attention for their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yuxuan Han , Kunyuan Wu , Qianyi Shao , Renxiang Xiao , Zilu Wang , Cansen Jiang , Yi Xiao , Liang Hu , Yunjiang Lou

In recent years, end-to-end autonomous driving frameworks have been shown to not only enhance perception performance but also improve planning capabilities. However, most previous end-to-end autonomous driving frameworks have focused…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Yuanhua Shen , Jun Li

End-to-End paradigms use a unified framework to implement multi-tasks in an autonomous driving system. Despite simplicity and clarity, the performance of end-to-end autonomous driving methods on sub-tasks is still far behind the single-task…

We propose UAD, a method for vision-based end-to-end autonomous driving (E2EAD), achieving the best open-loop evaluation performance in nuScenes, meanwhile showing robust closed-loop driving quality in CARLA. Our motivation stems from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Mingzhe Guo , Zhipeng Zhang , Yuan He , Ke Wang , Liping Jing

In this paper we propose a novel end-to-end learnable network that performs joint perception, prediction and motion planning for self-driving vehicles and produces interpretable intermediate representations. Unlike existing neural motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Abbas Sadat , Sergio Casas , Mengye Ren , Xinyu Wu , Pranaab Dhawan , Raquel Urtasun

A self-driving vehicle must understand its environment to determine the appropriate action. Traditional autonomy systems rely on object detection to find the agents in the scene. However, object detection assumes a discrete set of objects…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Sourav Biswas , Sergio Casas , Quinlan Sykora , Ben Agro , Abbas Sadat , Raquel Urtasun

End-to-end autonomous driving systems, predominantly trained through imitation learning, have demonstrated considerable effectiveness in leveraging large-scale expert driving data. Despite their success in open-loop evaluations, these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Yi Huang , Zhan Qu , Lihui Jiang , Bingbing Liu , Hongbo Zhang

Autonomous vehicles demand high accuracy and robustness of perception algorithms. To develop efficient and scalable perception algorithms, the maximum information should be extracted from the available sensor data. In this work, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Sebastian Huch , Florian Sauerbeck , Johannes Betz

End-to-end autonomous driving aims to generate safe and plausible planning policies from raw sensor input. Driving world models have shown great potential in learning rich representations by predicting the future evolution of a driving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xingtai Gui , Meijie Zhang , Tianyi Yan , Wencheng Han , Jiahao Gong , Feiyang Tan , Cheng-zhong Xu , Jianbing Shen

End-to-end autonomous driving resides not in the integration of perception and planning, but rather in the dynamic multi-agent game within a unified representation space. Most existing end-to-end models treat all agents equally, hindering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kang Ding , Hongsong Wang , Jie Gui , Lei He

Motion forecasting is crucial in enabling autonomous vehicles to anticipate the future trajectories of surrounding agents. To do so, it requires solving mapping, detection, tracking, and then forecasting problems, in a multi-step pipeline.…

End-to-End (E2E) planning has become a powerful paradigm for autonomous driving, yet current systems remain fundamentally uncertainty-blind. They assume perception outputs are fully reliable, even in ambiguous or poorly observed scenes,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wonjeong Ryu , Seungjun Yu , Seokha Moon , Hojun Choi , Junsung Park , Jinkyu Kim , Hyunjung Shim

In recent years, end-to-end autonomous driving has attracted increasing attention for its ability to jointly model perception, prediction, and planning within a unified framework. However, most existing approaches underutilize the online…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Huilin Yin , Yiming Kan , Daniel Watzenig

Autonomous driving holds transformative potential but remains fundamentally constrained by the limited perception and isolated decision-making with standalone intelligence. While recent multi-agent approaches introduce cooperation, they…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ziyi Song , Chen Xia , Chenbing Wang , Haibao Yu , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Learning a human-like driving policy from large-scale driving demonstrations is promising, but the uncertainty and non-deterministic nature of planning make it challenging. Existing learning-based planning methods follow a deterministic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Bo Jiang , Shaoyu Chen , Hao Gao , Bencheng Liao , Qian Zhang , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Autonomous vehicle perception typically relies on modular pipelines that decompose the task into detection, tracking, and prediction. While interpretable, these pipelines suffer from error accumulation and limited inter-task synergy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Loïc Stratil , Felix Fent , Esteban Rivera , Markus Lienkamp

We address the decision-making capability within an end-to-end planning framework that focuses on motion prediction, decision-making, and trajectory planning. Specifically, we formulate decision-making and trajectory planning as a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenru Liu , Yongkang Song , Chengzhen Meng , Zhiyu Huang , Haochen Liu , Chen Lv , Jun Ma