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Recent interest in Multi-Agent Systems of Large Language Models (MAS LLMs) has led to an increase in frameworks leveraging multiple LLMs to tackle complex tasks. However, much of this literature appropriates the terminology of MAS without…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in collaborative problem-solving. However, they still face substantial challenges of low communication efficiency and suboptimal task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zhexuan Wang , Yutong Wang , Xuebo Liu , Liang Ding , Miao Zhang , Jie Liu , Min Zhang

Multiagent Systems (MASs) involve different characteristics, such as autonomy, asynchronous and social features, which make these systems more difficult to understand. Thus, there is a lack of procedures guaranteeing that multiagent systems…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Nathalia Nascimento , Carlos Lucena , Paulo Alencar , Carlos Juliano Viana

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in cross-modal understanding and reasoning, offering new opportunities for intelligent assistive systems, yet existing systems still struggle with risk-aware…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Renjun Gao

Since their inception, Multi Agent Systems (MASs) have been championed as a solution for the increasing problem of software complexity. Communities of distributed autonomous computing entities that are capable of collaborating, negotiating…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-11-08 David J. Lillis

This article presents an architecture for multi-agent task allocation and task execution, through the unification of a market-inspired task-auctioning system with Behavior Trees for managing and executing lower level behaviors. We consider…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Niklas Dahlquist , Björn Lindqvist , Akshit Saradagi , George Nikolakopoulos

This paper proposes a novel architectural framework aimed at enhancing security and reliability in multi-agent systems (MAS). A central component of this framework is a network of Sentinel Agents, functioning as a distributed security layer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Diego Gosmar , Deborah A. Dahl

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) have demonstrated cognitive and execution capabilities that far exceed those of single LLM agents, yet their capacity for self-evolution remains hampered by underdeveloped memory…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Guibin Zhang , Muxin Fu , Guancheng Wan , Miao Yu , Kun Wang , Shuicheng Yan

We investigate multi-agent navigation tasks, where multiple agents need to reach initially unassigned goals in a limited time. Classical planning-based methods suffer from expensive computation overhead at each step and offer limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Xinyi Yang , Xinting Yang , Chao Yu , Jiayu Chen , Wenbo Ding , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

This technical brief introduces Deep Agent, an advanced autonomous AI system designed to manage complex multi-phase tasks through a novel hierarchical task management architecture. The system's foundation is built on our Hierarchical Task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Amy Yu , Erik Lebedev , Lincoln Everett , Xiaoxin Chen , Terry Chen

Agentic AI systems - systems that can pursue goals through multi-step planning and tool-mediated action with limited direct supervision - are moving from experimental prototypes to enterprise deployments. This transition introduces tensions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Nelly Dux , Cristina Alaimo , Philippe Roussiere , Abhishek Kumar Mishra

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in data analytics when integrated with Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). However, these systems often struggle with complex tasks that involve diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Yi Huang , Fangyin Cheng , Fan Zhou , Jiahui Li , Jian Gong , Hongjun Yang , Zhidong Fan , Caigao Jiang , Siqiao Xue , Faqiang Chen

Multi-agent systems (MASs) can autonomously learn to solve previously unknown tasks by means of each agent's individual intelligence as well as by collaborating and exploiting collective intelligence. This article considers a group of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-29 Michael Meindl , Fabio Molinari , Dustin Lehmann , Thomas Seel

While agentic AI has advanced in automating individual tasks, managing complex multi-agent workflows remains a challenging problem. This paper presents a research vision for autonomous agentic systems that orchestrate collaboration within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Charlie Masters , Advaith Vellanki , Jiangbo Shangguan , Bart Kultys , Jonathan Gilmore , Alastair Moore , Stefano V. Albrecht

Controllability refers to a situation in which a Multi-agent System may be steered from one state to another using specified rules. As a result, there is belief in achieving a given condition by explicit advances. The level of dynamism in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Javeria Noor

In a multi-agent system (MAS), action semantics indicates the different influences of agents' actions toward other entities, and can be used to divide agents into groups in a physically heterogeneous MAS. Previous multi-agent reinforcement…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Xiaoyang Yu , Youfang Lin , Shuo Wang , Kai Lv , Sheng Han

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a powerful paradigm for solving cooperative and competitive decision-making problems. While many MARL benchmarks have been proposed, few combine continuous state and action spaces with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Artem Pshenitsyn , Aleksandr Panov , Alexey Skrynnik

This paper is concerned with evaluating different multiagent learning (MAL) algorithms in problems where individual agents may be heterogenous, in the sense of utilizing different learning strategies, without the opportunity for prior…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Stefano V. Albrecht , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Most existing Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) rely on predefined workflows, where human engineers enumerate task states in advance and specify routing rules and contextual injections accordingly. Such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xinxing Ren , Quagmire Zang , Caelum Forder , Suman Deb , Ahsen Tahir , Roman J. Georgio , Peter Carroll , Zekun Guo

Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a paradigm shift from reactive systems to proactive, autonomous decision making frameworks. Existing AI-based educational systems remain fragmented and lack multi-level integration across…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arya Mary K J , Deepthy K Bhaskar , Sinu T S , Binu V P