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Benefiting from its capability to generalize existing reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) architectures and provide additional design flexibility via interactions between RIS elements, beyond-diagonal RIS (BD-RIS) has attracted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Xiaohua Zhou , Tianyu Fang , Yijie Mao

A reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) allows a reflection transmission path between a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE). In wireless localization, this reflection path aids in positioning accuracy, especially when the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-14 Wei Zhang , Zhenni Wang , Wee Peng Tay

In this letter, we derive an expression for the achievable rate in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system assisted by a beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) when the channels to and from the BD-RIS are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Ignacio Santamaria , Jesus Gutierrez , Mohammad Soleymani , Eduard Jorswieck

This work investigates the application of Beyond Diagonal Intelligent Reflective Surface (BD-IRS) to enhance THz downlink communication systems, operating in a hybrid: reflective and transmissive mode, to simultaneously provide services to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Asad Mahmood , Thang X. Vu , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

In this paper, we investigate the integration of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) for providing wide-coverage and ultra-reliable communication and high-accuracy sensing functions. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-17 Rang Liu , Ming Li , Qian Liu , A. Lee Swindlehurst

In this paper, we consider a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted multiple-input multiple-output communication system with multiple antennas at both the base station (BS) and the user. We plan to maximize the achievable rate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yaqiong Zhao , Jindan Xu , Wei Xu , Kezhi Wang , Xinquan Ye , Chau Yuen , Xiaohu You

The requirement of wireless data demands is increasingly high as the sixth-generation (6G) technology evolves. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is promisingly deemed to be one of 6G techniques for extending service coverage,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Li-Hsiang Shen , Kai-Ten Feng , Ta-Sung Lee , Yuan-Chun Lin , Shih-Cheng Lin , Chia-Chan Chang , Sheng-Fuh Chang

In this letter, we present in detail the system-level modeling of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted cellular systems by considering a 3-dimensional channel model between base station, RIS, and user. We prove that the optimal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Pavan Reddy M. , SaiDhiraj Amuru , Kiran Kuchi

Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) architectures offer superior beamforming gain over conventional diagonal RISs. However, the channel estimation overhead is the main hurdle for reaping the above gain in practice.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Rui Wang , Junyuan Gao , Shuowen Zhang , Bruno Clerckx , Liang Liu

In this letter, we investigate joint application of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and vertical beamforming in cognitive radio networks (CRN). After properly modeling the network, an optimization problem is formed to jointly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-17 S. Fatemeh Zamanian , S. Mohammad Razavizadeh , Qingqing Wu

Novel reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) architectures, known as beyond diagonal RISs (BD-RISs), have been proposed to enhance reflection efficiency and expand RIS capabilities. However, their passive nature, non-diagonal reflection…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Nipuni Ginige , Arthur Sousa de Sena , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Nandana Rajatheva , Matti Latva-aho

The terahertz communications have the potential to revolutionize data transfer with unmatched speed and facilitate the development of new high-bandwidth applications. This paper studies the performance of downlink terahertz system assisted…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Wali Ullah Khan , Chandan Kumar Sheemar , Zaid Abdullah , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas

To achieve the joint active and passive beamforming gains in the reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted millimeter wave system, the reflected cascade channel needs to be accurately estimated. Many strategies have been proposed in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yiming Liu , Erwu Liu , Rui Wang , Zhu Han , Binyu Lu

This paper considers an angle-domain intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) system. We derive maximum likelihood (ML) estimators for the effective angles from the base station (BS) to the user and the effective angles of propagation from the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Xiaoling Hu , Caijun Zhong , Zhaoyang Zhang

In opportunistic cognitive radio networks, when the primary signal is very weak compared to the background noise, the secondary user requires long sensing time to achieve a reliable spectrum sensing performance, leading to little remaining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Jungang Ge , Ying-Chang Liang , Sumei Sun , Yonghong Zeng , Zhidong Bai

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) plays an important role in enhancing source localization accuracy. Based on the information inequality of Fisher information analyses, the Cram\'{e}r-Rao Bound (CRB) of the localization error can be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Yuhua Jiang , Yuanwan Mai , Feifei Gao

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) as an emerging cost-effective technology can enhance the spectrum- and energy-efficiency of wireless networks. In this paper, we consider an RIS-aided green edge inference system, where the inference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Sheng Hua , Yong Zhou , Kai Yang , Yuanming Shi

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) have been widely recognized as a key enabler for future wireless networks, where the Cram\'er-Rao bound (CRB) plays a central role in quantifying sensing accuracy.In this paper, we present the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Qian Zhang , Yufei Zhao , Jiancheng An , Zheng Dong , Yong Liang Guan , Ju Liu , Chau Yuen

Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) represents a promising architecture for advancing millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications. However, its intricate inter-element connections invalidate the conventional decoupled…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Linyu Peng , Tian Qiu , Cunhua Pan , Jiangzhou Wang , Taihao Zhang , Hong Ren

We address the localization of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for a single-input single-output multi-carrier system using bi-static sensing between a fixed transmitter and a fixed receiver. Due to the deployment of RISs with a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-11 Reza Ghazalian , Kamran Keykhosravi , Hui Chen , Henk Wymeersch , Riku Jäntti