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Depth estimation is usually ill-posed and ambiguous for monocular camera-based 3D multi-person pose estimation. Since LiDAR can capture accurate depth information in long-range scenes, it can benefit both the global localization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Peishan Cong , Yiteng Xu , Yiming Ren , Juze Zhang , Lan Xu , Jingya Wang , Jingyi Yu , Yuexin Ma

Monocular metric depth estimation (MMDE) is a core challenge in computer vision, playing a pivotal role in real-world applications that demand accurate spatial understanding. Although prior works have shown promising zero-shot performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Girish Chandar Ganesan , Yuliang Guo , Liu Ren , Xiaoming Liu

Monocular 3D object detection (Mono3D) holds noteworthy promise for autonomous driving applications owing to the cost-effectiveness and rich visual context of monocular camera sensors. However, depth ambiguity poses a significant challenge,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hou-I Liu , Christine Wu , Jen-Hao Cheng , Wenhao Chai , Shian-Yun Wang , Gaowen Liu , Hugo Latapie , Jhih-Ciang Wu , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Hong-Han Shuai , Wen-Huang Cheng

Surround depth estimation provides a cost-effective alternative to LiDAR for 3D perception in autonomous driving. While recent self-supervised methods explore multi-camera settings to improve scale awareness and scene coverage, they are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Weimin Liu , Jiyuan Qiu , Wenjun Wang , Joshua H. Meng

We propose a method for metric-scale monocular depth estimation. Inferring depth from a single image is an ill-posed problem due to the loss of scale from perspective projection during the image formation process. Any scale chosen is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Ziyao Zeng , Yangchao Wu , Hyoungseob Park , Daniel Wang , Fengyu Yang , Stefano Soatto , Dong Lao , Byung-Woo Hong , Alex Wong

Depth estimation is a fundamental task in 3D computer vision, crucial for applications such as 3D reconstruction, free-viewpoint rendering, robotics, autonomous driving, and AR/VR technologies. Traditional methods relying on hardware…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Zhen Xu , Hongyu Zhou , Sida Peng , Haotong Lin , Haoyu Guo , Jiahao Shao , Peishan Yang , Qinglin Yang , Sheng Miao , Xingyi He , Yifan Wang , Yue Wang , Ruizhen Hu , Yiyi Liao , Xiaowei Zhou , Hujun Bao

Pseudo-LiDAR-based methods for monocular 3D object detection have received considerable attention in the community due to the performance gains exhibited on the KITTI3D benchmark, in particular on the commonly reported validation split.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Andrea Simonelli , Samuel Rota Bulò , Lorenzo Porzi , Peter Kontschieder , Elisa Ricci

Monocular cameras are one of the most commonly used sensors in the automotive industry for autonomous vehicles. One major drawback using a monocular camera is that it only makes observations in the two dimensional image plane and can not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-28 Samuel Scheidegger , Joachim Benjaminsson , Emil Rosenberg , Amrit Krishnan , Karl Granstrom

Monocular object detection and tracking have improved drastically in recent years, but rely on a key assumption: that objects are visible to the camera. Many offline tracking approaches reason about occluded objects post-hoc, by linking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Tarasha Khurana , Achal Dave , Deva Ramanan

3D visual illusion is a perceptual phenomenon where a two-dimensional plane is manipulated to simulate three-dimensional spatial relationships, making a flat artwork or object look three-dimensional in the human visual system. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Chengtang Yao , Zhidan Liu , Jiaxi Zeng , Lidong Yu , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia

The homogeneous transformation between a LiDAR and monocular camera is required for sensor fusion tasks, such as SLAM. While determining such a transformation is not considered glamorous in any sense of the word, it is nonetheless crucial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Jiunn-Kai Huang , Jessy W. Grizzle

Low-cost, vision-centric 3D perception systems for autonomous driving have made significant progress in recent years, narrowing the gap to expensive LiDAR-based methods. The primary challenge in becoming a fully reliable alternative lies in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Philipp Wolters , Johannes Gilg , Torben Teepe , Fabian Herzog , Anouar Laouichi , Martin Hofmann , Gerhard Rigoll

Accurate inter-vehicle distance estimation is a cornerstone of advanced driver assistance systems and autonomous driving. While LiDAR and radar provide high precision, their cost prohibits widespread adoption in mass-market vehicles.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Manognya Lokesh Reddy , Zheng Liu

This paper proposes a method to extract the position and pose of vehicles in the 3D world from a single traffic camera. Most previous monocular 3D vehicle detection algorithms focused on cameras on vehicles from the perspective of a driver,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Minghan Zhu , Songan Zhang , Yuanxin Zhong , Pingping Lu , Huei Peng , John Lenneman

To achieve accurate 3D object detection at a low cost for autonomous driving, many multi-camera methods have been proposed and solved the occlusion problem of monocular approaches. However, due to the lack of accurate estimated depth,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Ching-Yu Tseng , Yi-Rong Chen , Hsin-Ying Lee , Tsung-Han Wu , Wen-Chin Chen , Winston H. Hsu

Self-supervised monocular depth estimation has shown impressive results in static scenes. It relies on the multi-view consistency assumption for training networks, however, that is violated in dynamic object regions and occlusions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Libo Sun , Jia-Wang Bian , Huangying Zhan , Wei Yin , Ian Reid , Chunhua Shen

Monocular depth estimation is scale-ambiguous, and thus requires scale supervision to produce metric predictions. Even so, the resulting models will be geometry-specific, with learned scales that cannot be directly transferred across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Vitor Guizilini , Igor Vasiljevic , Dian Chen , Rares Ambrus , Adrien Gaidon

Although the majority of recent autonomous driving systems concentrate on developing perception methods based on ego-vehicle sensors, there is an overlooked alternative approach that involves leveraging intelligent roadside cameras to help…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Lei Yang , Jiaxin Yu , Xinyu Zhang , Jun Li , Li Wang , Yi Huang , Chuang Zhang , Hong Wang , Yiming Li

Camera-only 3D object detection is critical for autonomous driving, offering a cost-effective alternative to LiDAR based methods. In particular, multi-view 3D object detection has emerged as a promising direction due to its balanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hongjing Wu , Cheng Chi , Jinlin Wu , Yanzhao Su , Zhen Lei , Wenqi Ren

Monocular 3D object detection is a challenging task in the self-driving and computer vision community. As a common practice, most previous works use manually annotated 3D box labels, where the annotating process is expensive. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Liang Peng , Fei Liu , Zhengxu Yu , Senbo Yan , Dan Deng , Zheng Yang , Haifeng Liu , Deng Cai