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The field of robotics has made significant advances towards generalist robot manipulation policies. However, real-world evaluation of such policies is not scalable and faces reproducibility challenges, which are likely to worsen as policies…

Simulators are a critical component of modern robotics research. Strategies for both perception and decision making can be studied in simulation first before deployed to real world systems, saving on time and costs. Despite significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Bhairav Mehta , Ankur Handa , Dieter Fox , Fabio Ramos

A significant challenge for robot learning research is our ability to accurately measure and compare the performance of robot policies. Benchmarking in robotics is historically challenging due to the stochasticity, reproducibility, and…

Reliable simulation evaluation of robot manipulation policies serves as a high-fidelity proxy for real-world performance. Although existing benchmarks cover a wide range of task categories, they lack visual realism, creating a large domain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yixin Zhu , Zixiong Wang , Jian Yang , Jin Xie , Jingyi Yu , Jiayuan Gu , Beibei Wang

Rapid progress in imitation learning, foundation models, and large-scale datasets has led to robot manipulation policies that generalize to a wide-range of tasks and environments. However, rigorous evaluation of these policies remains a…

This paper studies the problem of robot performance evaluation, focusing on how to obtain accurate and efficient estimates of real-world behavior under severe constraints on physical experimentation. Such estimates are essential for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zaid Mahboob , Yujia Chen , Bowen Weng

Simulation-to-reality transfer has emerged as a popular and highly successful method to train robotic control policies for a wide variety of tasks. However, it is often challenging to determine when policies trained in simulation are ready…

Robotic manipulation policies are advancing rapidly, but their direct evaluation in the real world remains costly, time-consuming, and difficult to reproduce, particularly for tasks involving deformable objects. Simulation provides a…

Simulations are attractive environments for training agents as they provide an abundant source of data and alleviate certain safety concerns during the training process. But the behaviours developed by agents in simulation are often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Xue Bin Peng , Marcin Andrychowicz , Wojciech Zaremba , Pieter Abbeel

The pursuit of general-purpose robotics has yielded impressive foundation models, yet simulation-based benchmarking remains a bottleneck due to rapid performance saturation and a lack of true generalization testing. Existing benchmarks…

Learning a generalist control policy for dexterous manipulation typically relies on large-scale datasets. Given the high cost of real-world data collection, a practical alternative is to generate synthetic data through simulation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ruixing Jin , Zicheng Zhu , Ruixiang Ouyang , Sheng Xu , Bo Yue , Zhizheng Wu , Guiliang Liu

We propose a method to predict the sim-to-real transfer performance of RL policies. Our transfer metric simplifies the selection of training setups (such as algorithm, hyperparameters, randomizations) and policies in simulation, without the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Lei M. Zhang , Matthias Plappert , Wojciech Zaremba

We present a benchmark to facilitate simulated manipulation; an attempt to overcome the obstacles of physical benchmarks through the distribution of a real world, ground truth dataset. Users are given various simulated manipulation tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Jack Collins , Jessie McVicar , David Wedlock , Ross Brown , David Howard , Jürgen Leitner

Developing control policies in simulation is often more practical and safer than directly running experiments in the real world. This applies to policies obtained from planning and optimization, and even more so to policies obtained from…

This paper investigates how the performance of visual navigation policies trained in simulation compares to policies trained with real-world data. Performance degradation of simulator-trained policies is often significant when they are…

Learning in simulation and transferring the learned policy to the real world has the potential to enable generalist robots. The key challenge of this approach is to address simulation-to-reality (sim-to-real) gaps. Previous methods often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yunfan Jiang , Chen Wang , Ruohan Zhang , Jiajun Wu , Li Fei-Fei

Large real-world robot datasets hold great potential to train generalist robot models, but scaling real-world human data collection is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Simulation has great potential in supplementing large-scale data,…

Deep reinforcement learning has recently seen huge success across multiple areas in the robotics domain. Owing to the limitations of gathering real-world data, i.e., sample inefficiency and the cost of collecting it, simulation environments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Wenshuai Zhao , Jorge Peña Queralta , Tomi Westerlund

We consider the problem of transferring policies to the real world by training on a distribution of simulated scenarios. Rather than manually tuning the randomization of simulations, we adapt the simulation parameter distribution using a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Yevgen Chebotar , Ankur Handa , Viktor Makoviychuk , Miles Macklin , Jan Issac , Nathan Ratliff , Dieter Fox

Simulation offers a scalable and efficient alternative to real-world data collection for learning visuomotor robotic policies. However, the simulation-to-reality, or Sim2Real distribution shift -- introduced by employing simulation-trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yash Yardi , Samuel Biruduganti , Lars Ankile
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