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We propose a disruptive paradigm to actively place and schedule TWhrs of parallel AI jobs strategically on the grid, at distributed, grid-aware high performance compute data centers (HPC) capable of using their massive power and energy load…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Scott C Evans , Nathan Dahlin , Ibrahima Ndiaye , Sachini Piyoni Ekanayake , Alexander Duncan , Blake Rose , Hao Huang

The increasing deployment of end use power resources in distribution systems created active distribution systems. Uncontrolled active distribution systems exhibit wide variations of voltage and loading throughout the day as some of these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-01 Matthew Lau , Kayla Thames , Sakis Meliopoulos

In this paper a nonlinear control design for power balancing in networked microgrids using energy storage devices is presented. Each microgrid is considered to be interfaced to the distribution feeder though a solid-state transformer (SST).…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Md Tanvir Arafat Khan , Rafael Cisneros , Aranya Chakrabortty , Iqbal Husain

For over a century, the electric grid has relied on a single statistical assumption: \emph{load diversity}, the principle that the uncorrelated demands of millions of small consumers produce a smooth, predictable aggregate. AI training data…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Noman Bashir , Rob Sherwood , Le Xie , Minlan Yu

Artificial intelligence (AI) is fueling exponential electricity demand growth, threatening grid reliability, raising prices for communities paying for new energy infrastructure, and stunting AI innovation as data centers wait for…

The electrical generation and transmission infrastructures of many countries are under increased pressure. This partially reflects the move towards low carbon economies and the increased reliance on renewable power generation systems. There…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-01-12 Corneliu Arsene

Recent breakthroughs of large language models (LLMs) have exhibited superior capability across major industries and stimulated multi-hundred-billion-dollar investment in AI-centric data centers in the next 3-5 years. This, in turn, bring…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Yuzhuo Li , Mariam Mughees , Yize Chen , Yunwei Ryan Li

Data centers (DCs) are increasingly recognized as flexible loads that can support grid frequency regulation. Yet, most existing methods treat workload scheduling and regulation capacity bidding separately, overlooking how queueing dynamics…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Yingrui Fan , Junbo Zhao

The electricity grid has evolved from a physical system to a cyber-physical system with digital devices that perform measurement, control, communication, computation, and actuation. The increased penetration of distributed energy resources…

A new paradigm of electricity generation at the distribution level, with renewable and alternative sources, is possible with microgrids. The main idea is to have microgrids deployed on low- or medium-voltage active distribution networks.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-22 Marcelo Simoes , Mohammed Elmusrati , Tero Vartiainen , Mike Mekkanen , Mazaher Karimi , Sayawu Diaba , Emmanuel Anti , Wilson Lopes

The unprecedented rapid growth of computing demand for AI is projected to increase global annual datacenter (DC) growth from 7.2% to 11.3%. We project the 5-year AI DC demand for several power grids and assess whether they will allow…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Liuzixuan Lin , Rajini Wijayawardana , Varsha Rao , Hai Nguyen , Wedan Emmanuel Gnibga , Andrew A. Chien

The integration of intermittent and volatile renewable energy resources requires increased flexibility in the operation of the electric grid. Storage, broadly speaking, provides the flexibility of shifting energy over time; network, on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-04-23 Junjie Qin , Yinlam Chow , Jiyan Yang , Ram Rajagopal

Rapid growth in AI-driven data center loads is creating significant challenges for transmission grid interconnection. This paper proposes robust and risk-aware frameworks to quantify transmission capacity as firm and flexible capacities. We…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-13 Shaoze Li , Bohang Fang , Cong Chen

The increasing demand for artificial intelligence (AI) workloads across diverse computing environments has driven the need for more efficient data management strategies. Traditional cloud-based architectures struggle to handle the sheer…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Alex Barceló , Sebastián A. Cajas Ordoñez , Jaydeep Samanta , Andrés L. Suárez-Cetrulo , Romila Ghosh , Ricardo Simón Carbajo , Anna Queralt

The emergence of artificial intelligence and digitization of the power grid introduced numerous effective application scenarios for AI-based services for the smart grid. Nevertheless, adopting AI in critical infrastructures presents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Anna Volkova , Mahdieh Hatamian , Alina Anapyanova , Hermann de Meer

Power grid data are going big with the deployment of various sensors. The big data in power grids creates huge opportunities for applying artificial intelligence technologies to improve resilience and reliability. This paper introduces…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-04 Shutang You , Yilu Liu , Hongyu Li , Shengyuan Liu , Kaiqi Sun , Yinfeng Zhao , Huangqing Xiao , Jiaojiao Dong , Yu Su , Weikang Wang , Yi Cui

Electric vehicles (EVs) are finally making their way onto the roads, but the challenges concerning long charging times and impact on congestion of the power distribution grid are still not resolved. Proposed solutions depend on heavy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-23 Emin Ucer , Mithat Kisacikoglu

Demand for AI accelerators is rapidly increasing rack power density, with projections approaching 1MW per deployment by 2027. This poses a major challenge for datacenter power delivery designers. As power densities increase, a datacenter…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Grant Wilkins , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Alok Gautam Kumbhare , Chaojie Zhang , Ricardo Bianchini

Electric power systems are rapidly evolving into deeply digital, cyber-physical infrastructures in which large fleets of distributed energy resources must be coordinated as system-level flexibility across multiple spatial and temporal…

In the future, it is anticipated that software-defined networking (SDN) will become the preferred platform for deploying diverse networks. Compared to traditional networks, SDN separates the control and data planes for efficient domain-wide…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Ahmed Hazim Alhilali , Ahmadreza Montazerolghaem