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Personalized alignment is essential for enabling large language models (LLMs) to engage effectively in user-centric dialogue. While recent prompt-based and offline optimization methods offer preliminary solutions, they fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Haixiao Liu , Biye Li , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

User simulation is increasingly vital to develop and evaluate recommender systems (RSs). While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising avenues to simulate user behavior, they often struggle with the absence of specific task alignment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tianjun Wei , Huizhong Guo , Yingpeng Du , Zhu Sun , Huang Chen , Dongxia Wang , Jie Zhang

We evaluate large language models (LLMs) for automatic personality prediction from text under the binary Five Factor Model (BIG5). Five models -- including GPT-4 and lightweight open-source alternatives -- are tested across three…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Francesco Di Cursi , Chiara Boldrini , Marco Conti , Andrea Passarella

What underlies intuitive human thinking? One approach to this question is to compare the cognitive dynamics of humans and large language models (LLMs). However, such a comparison requires a method to quantitatively analyze AI cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Makoto Sato

Simulation frameworks have been key enablers for the development and validation of autonomous driving systems. However, existing methods struggle to comprehensively address the autonomy-oriented requirements of balancing: (i) dynamical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Tanmay Vilas Samak , Chinmay Vilas Samak , Bing Li , Venkat Krovi

Personalized user understanding from large-scale digital traces remains a fundamental challenge. Traditional user profiling methods rely on discriminative models and manual feature engineering to predict discrete attributes, often producing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yunyi Xuan , Hao Yi , Fengling Mao , Daye Cai , Leikun Liang , Xingsheng He , Jiangnan Xie , Guoshuai Wang , Yushan Han , Wenwen Guo , Xiaoxiao Xu , Lin Qu

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated significant interest in their capacity to simulate human-like behaviors, yet most studies rely on fictional personas rather than actual human data. We address this limitation by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Junhyuk Choi , Hyeonchu Park , Haemin Lee , Hyebeen Shin , Hyun Joung Jin , Bugeun Kim

While both agent interaction and personalisation are vibrant topics in research on large language models (LLMs), there has been limited focus on the effect of language interaction on the behaviour of persona-conditioned LLM agents. Such an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ivar Frisch , Mario Giulianelli

While closed-source Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong mathematical problem-solving abilities, open-source models still face challenges with such tasks. To bridge this gap, we propose a data augmentation approach and introduce…

Digital behaviour change systems increasingly rely on repeated, system-initiated messages to support users in everyday contexts. LLMs enable these messages to be personalised consistently across interactions, yet it remains unclear whether…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Dominik P. Hofer , David Haag , Rania Islambouli , Jan D. Smeddinck

Large Language Models (LLMs), which simulate human users, are frequently employed to evaluate chatbots in applications such as tutoring and customer service. Effective evaluation necessitates a high degree of human-like diversity within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Xiaoyu Lin , Xinkai Yu , Ankit Aich , Salvatore Giorgi , Lyle Ungar

Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

Surveys are widely used in social sciences to understand human behavior, but their implementation often involves iterative adjustments that demand significant effort and resources. To this end, researchers have increasingly turned to large…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Sunwoong Kim , Jongho Jeong , Jin Soo Han , Donghyuk Shin

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to gain popularity due to their human-like traits and the intimacy they offer to users, their societal impact inevitably expands. This leads to the rising necessity for comprehensive studies to fully…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Bojana Bodroza , Bojana M. Dinic , Ljubisa Bojic

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as human simulators, both for evaluating conversational systems and for generating fine-tuning data. However, naive "act-as-a-user" prompting often yields verbose, unrealistic utterances,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ashutosh Hathidara , Julien Yu , Vaishali Senthil , Sebastian Schreiber , Anil Babu Ankisettipalli

Persona-prompting is a growing strategy to steer LLMs toward simulating particular perspectives or linguistic styles through the lens of a specified identity. While this method is often used to personalize outputs, its impact on how LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Pia Sommerauer , Giulia Rambelli , Tommaso Caselli

Effective persuasive dialogue agents adapt their strategies to individual users, accounting for the evolution of their psychological states and intentions throughout conversations. We present a personality-aware reinforcement learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Donghuo Zeng , Roberto Legaspi , Kazushi Ikeda

Conventional approaches to personalized dialogue generation typically require a large corpus, as well as predefined persona information. However, in a real-world setting, neither a large corpus of training data nor persona information are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Jing Yang Lee , Kong Aik Lee , Woon Seng Gan

Language models (LMs) are pretrained to imitate internet text, including content that would violate human preferences if generated by an LM: falsehoods, offensive comments, personally identifiable information, low-quality or buggy code, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Tomasz Korbak , Kejian Shi , Angelica Chen , Rasika Bhalerao , Christopher L. Buckley , Jason Phang , Samuel R. Bowman , Ethan Perez

Digital twin technology is a transformative innovation driving the digital transformation and intelligent optimization of manufacturing systems. By integrating real-time data with computational models, digital twins enable continuous…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Linyao Yang , Shi Luo , Xi Cheng , Lei Yu
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