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Environment perception is the task for intelligent vehicles on which all subsequent steps rely. A key part of perception is to safely detect other road users such as vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists. With modern deep learning techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Florian Kraus , Klaus Dietmayer

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles, given the uncertainty in sensing other road users, is an open problem. Moreover, separate safety specifications for perception and planning components raise how to assess the overall system…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Julian Bernhard , Patrick Hart , Amit Sahu , Christoph Schöller , Michell Guzman Cancimance

Autonomous agents, particularly in the field of robotics, rely on sensory information to perceive and navigate their environment. However, these sensory inputs are often imperfect, leading to distortions in the agent's internal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 David Warutumo , Ciira wa Maina

Reliable perception is essential for robots that interact with the world. But sensors alone are often insufficient to provide this capability, and they are prone to errors due to various conditions in the environment. Furthermore, there is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Ying Siu Liang , Dongkyu Choi , Kenneth Kwok

There are currently no psychometrically valid tools to measure the perceived danger of robots. To fill this gap, we provided a definition of perceived danger and developed and validated a 12-item bifactor scale through four studies. An…

Autonomous driving perception techniques are typically based on supervised machine learning models that are trained on real-world street data. A typical training process involves capturing images with a single car model and windshield…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Dominik Werner Wolf , Markus Ulrich , Nikhil Kapoor

It is important for autonomous vehicles to have the ability to infer the goals of other vehicles (goal recognition), in order to safely interact with other vehicles and predict their future trajectories. This is a difficult problem,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Cillian Brewitt , Balint Gyevnar , Samuel Garcin , Stefano V. Albrecht

The alignment of autonomous agents with human values is a pivotal challenge when deploying these agents within physical environments, where safety is an important concern. However, defining the agent's objective as a reward and/or cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Mattijs Baert , Sam Leroux , Pieter Simoens

The way residents perceive safety plays an important role in how they use public spaces. Studies have combined large-scale street view images and advanced computer vision techniques to measure the perception of safety of urban environments.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yuhao Kang , Junda Chen , Liu Liu , Kshitij Sharmad , Martina Mazzarello , Simone Mora , Fabio Duarte , Carlo Ratti

As autonomous vehicle technology advances, the precise assessment of safety in complex traffic scenarios becomes crucial, especially in mixed-vehicle environments where human perception of safety must be taken into account. This paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Enrico Del Re , Amirhesam Aghanouri , Cristina Olaverri-Monreal

Perception systems, especially cameras, are the eyes of automated driving systems. Ensuring that they function reliably and robustly is therefore an important building block in the automation of vehicles. There are various approaches to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Philipp Rigoll , Laurenz Adolph , Lennart Ries , Eric Sax

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have drawn attention to the need for AI systems and robots to be understandable to human users. The explainable AI (XAI) and explainable robots literature aims to enhance human…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Lindsay Sanneman , Julie A. Shah

Robust and persistent localisation is essential for ensuring the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. When operating in large and diverse urban driving environments, autonomous vehicles are frequently exposed to situations that violate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Siqi Yi , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Mobile robotic chemists are a fast growing trend in the field of chemistry and materials research. However, so far these mobile robots lack workflow awareness skills. This poses the risk that even a small anomaly, such as an improperly…

We consider perception-based control using state estimates that are obtained from high-dimensional sensor measurements via learning-enabled perception maps. However, these perception maps are not perfect and result in state estimation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-29 Shuo Yang , George J. Pappas , Rahul Mangharam , Lars Lindemann

AI-based robots and vehicles are expected to operate safely in complex and dynamic environments, even in the presence of component degradation. In such systems, perception relies on sensors such as cameras to capture environmental data,…

In the field of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), known for their openness, dynamism, and cooperative nature, the ability to trust the resources and services of other agents is crucial. Trust, in this setting, is the reliance and confidence an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Behzad Akbari , Mingfeng Yuan , Hao Wang , Haibin Zhu , Jinjun Shan

With the growing interest in autonomous driving, there is an increasing demand for accurate and reliable road perception technologies. In complex environments without high-definition map support, autonomous vehicles must independently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xuewei Tang , Mengmeng Yang , Tuopu Wen , Peijin Jia , Le Cui , Mingshang Luo , Kehua Sheng , Bo Zhang , Diange Yang , Kun Jiang

Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) perception has become a foundational paradigm in autonomous driving, enabling unified spatial representations that support robust multi-sensor fusion and multi-agent collaboration. As autonomous vehicles transition…

Scenario-based testing is envisioned as a key approach for the safety assurance of autonomous vehicles. In scenario-based testing, relevant (driving) scenarios are the basis of tests. Many recent works focus on specification, variation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Till Schallau , Stefan Naujokat , Fiona Kullmann , Falk Howar
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